Bicomponent composition

ABSTRACT

The instant disclosure generally relates to a bicomponent composition for coloring mammalian or synthetic keratin fibers, the bicomponent composition comprising first, second, components. The first component includes an organic polymer, the second component includes a pretreatment base compound. One or more of the components includes pigment microparticles. The bicomponent composition combines upon application to treated material such as hair, forms a solid coating thereon and has a substantially long color fastness following development (setting). Methods of using such compositions are also described herein.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a U.S. National Stage Filing under 35 U.S.C. 371from International Application No. PCT/EP2019/057812, filed on Mar. 27,2019, and published as WO 2019192916 on Oct. 10, 2019, which applicationclaims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/652,231, filedApr. 3, 2018, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/652,256, filed Apr. 3,2018, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/654,993, filed Apr. 9, 2018,U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/694,781, filed Jul. 6, 2018, U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/694,799, filed Jul. 6, 2018, U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/694,734, filed Jul. 6, 2018, U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/694,808, filed Jul. 6, 2018, U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/696,301, filed Jul. 10, 2018, andEuropean Application No. 18170717.5, filed May 3, 2018, all of whichapplications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

Treatments to mammalian or synthetic keratin fibers, and their surfaces(integument/nonwoven/textile), are well known in the art. Of particularnote are treatments that alter the color appearance of the hair orprovide other colored or reflective properties through surface treatmentof the hair; dissolution (absorption) of dye molecules into the keratinfiber or attachment to the fiber surface (so called direct dyes); and/ordissolution of dye precursors into the keratin fiber, followed byreaction of these dye precursors within the hair to form dye species (socalled oxidative dyeing). Surface coloration treatments and many solubledyes can be later washed out. Alternatively, pigments can be adhered tothe hair surface to alter the perceived color.

One drawback of the known oxidation based technologies in this area isthat the methods for applying dye based coloring materials involvescompositions that may in some cases cause temporary irritation to thescalp. This prevents the hair coloration experience from being pleasantor a so called wellness experience. Such coloring compositions alsoalter the hair structure itself, leading to oxidation of the hairsurface, and partial degradation to the keratinous proteins from whichthe hair structure is constructed. With repeated coloring, these changesin hair structure become more pronounced. The color obtained whencoloring with such composition is hard to predict, and even highlyexperienced users can still be surprised with the results that areobtained. Yet another drawback to known technologies is that, once thecolor is on the hair, the dye based coloring material is difficult toremove and/or cannot be completely removed.

Another drawback for the dye based approach is that the application ofhair coloration materials can yields uneven results as adherence to thesurface and/or penetration of hair coloration materials into the haircan vary with hair type for example for a consumer differing colorresults may be visible between hair roots and hair tips. This can leadto an unnatural looking result. Some desired differences may still bevisible due to the non-uniformity in coloration of the underlying hair,for example subtle difference in strand to strand levels of pheomelaninand eumelanin in a consumer may yield slightly different color results,even when the same color pigments or dyes are applied to a consumer.While some strand to strand variation is needed to provide naturallooking hair, too much or too little can again lead to an unnaturallooking color result. Due to the number of factors that determine thefinal hair color result for example, the length of application time, theunderlying hair color, the hair changes from root to tip, it isdifficult even for experienced users to accurately predict the finalcolor result and look.

A drawback of pigment based coloring approaches is the low adherentfastness of the pigment or colored material to the keratin fibers. Whilethe low adherent fastness or remanence has been attributed to the use offilm formers that are water soluble, substituting film formers that areclassed as water insoluble does not deliver much better remanence.Irrespective of the film former applied, the result is effective removalof the color on the hair after only a few washings with shampoo.Especially for persons who shampoo daily, the rapid color loss createsan undesirable situation.

Another drawback for both dye and pigment based approaches is that theapplication of hair coloration materials often yields uneven results as(1) adherence and or penetration of hair coloration materials to thehair surface or within the hair can vary with hair type for example dueto changes in porosity, changes in surface composition due to proximityto scalp and/or age of the user; and (2) even when material is adheredor penetrated into the hair, differences in coloration of the underlyinghair, including presence of pheomelanin and eumelanin, may yielddifferent color results, even when the same color pigments or dyes areapplied across hair types/colors having different nativecharacteristics.

There is therefore a need for an improved composition and method thatnot only make the hair coloring experience more pleasant, but also isuser friendly, provides appropriate color and luster, and leaves thehair manageable, free flowing and capable of moving naturally and doesnot result in harm to hair protein.

SUMMARY

According to aspects of the invention, embodiments of the bicomponentcomposition for coloring treated material, methods for its productionand application, coated treated material resulting from the bicomponentcomposition and methods for removal of the coating provide a surfacecoloration of keratin material and textiles, especially hair, that maybe substantially uniform to significantly varied, may give such materialan appearance of a lower or higher chroma, shiny or reflective nature.[Hereinafter the combination of keratin materials and textiles will bedesignated as treated material.] These aspects provide color fastnessduring a series of washes with shampoo or soap yet with appropriateformulations can be readily removed to leave the natural state of thetreated material and especially the natural state and/or shade of thehair when hair is the kind of treated material used. These aspectssignificantly lessen and/or avoid treatment of treated material that maycause breakage of keratin protein intermolecular bonds and interruptionof mechanical and/or chemical linkages of textiles.

It has been discovered that application of embodiments of thebicomponent composition comprising first and second components totreated material delivers significantly increased remanence. The firstand second components with constituents including respectively anorganic polymer and a pretreatment base compound combine to provideremanence, flexibility, softness and similar properties to the resultingcoating. The combination of the pretreatment followed by application ofthe first component achieves a coating on the treated material withremarkable remanence.

One aspect of the invention concerns a bicomponent composition.Embodiments of the bicomponent composition comprise a first componentcomprising an organic polymer, a second component comprising apretreatment base compound. The first and second components are capableof forming dipolar and/or electrostatic interaction with each other aswell as with the treated material

The bicomponent composition also comprises a medium with one or more ofthe first and second components and pigment microparticles incorporatedinto one or more of the first and second components.

The first and second components are typically maintained separately. Ifmultiple, different functional groups are present in either, or both, ofthe first and second components, the multiple different functionalgroups are selected to be appropriately compatible. For example, thepresence of multiple different functional groups of the organic polymerare selected or adapted or otherwise controlled so that they do notinteract together while standing alone and separate from thepretreatment base compound.

The first and second components of the bicomponent composition may beapplied separately and sequentially to the treated material. Upon thecombination of the first and second components, the organic polymer andthe pretreatment base compound interact to form a wash resistant coatingwith pigment microparticles on the treated material. While it is not alimitation of the invention, it is believed that the base compoundenables interaction among the organic polymer, the pretreatment basecompound and the treated material. This interaction is believed toadhere substances together to make them resistant to removal by ordinarymeans.

The embodiments of the first component include an organic polymerrespectively of the pretreatment base compound and the base compound ina manner as described above. The organic polymer may be any carbon basedpolymer based on olefinic monomers, polyol monomers, ester monomers,amide monomers, carbonate monomers, natural occurring monomers andpolymers having repeating monomeric residues based on carbon or carbonin combination with other atoms such as oxygen and/or nitrogen, and anycombination thereof.

The embodiments of the second component include a base compound. Thebase compound is composed of a small molecule or an oligomeric orpolymeric organic or silicone core to which is covalently bonded pendantor terminal or pendant and terminal amine, carboxylate, sulfonate,carbamate and mercapto groups, preferably amine groups. The is typicallyand usually adapted to be combined with the treated material as apretreatment followed by application of the first component. The firstand second components are typically maintained in a separate containerprior to use.

The molar ratio of pretreatment base compound to organic polymer willdepend upon the kinds and numbers of pendant functional groups of theorganic polymer, the pretreatment base compound to achieve the desiredproperties of the coating of the composition. The interaction willimprove resistance of the coating toward removal with dilute soap orshampoo aqueous solutions while preserving free hair flow properties andavoid stickiness and clumping.

Embodiments of the pigment microparticles used on the bicomponentcomposition described herein may comprise organic pigmentmicroparticles, which imparts color to the hair, and colored reflectivemicroparticles, for providing light scattering properties to the coloredhair, Embodiments may also include microparticle metal flakes for lightreflection to add shine to the desired color or to make the hair appearto be lighter than the starting hair color.

An aspect of the invention concerning the method for coating thebicomponent composition with treated material comprises applying thepretreatment base compound to the treated material and preferably atleast partially drying to form pretreated treated material. Next, thefirst component may be applied to the pretreated treated material. Thepretreated treated material coated with the first component may be driedwith optional heat to cause formation of a colored coating on thetreated material. The embedded pigment microparticles are somewhat tosubstantially uniformly distributed in and throughout the coating.

In addition to the organic polymer, pretreatment base compound andpigment microparticles of the first and second components, thebicomponent composition may optionally contain additional ingredientshelpful and beneficial to the treated material and/or its coloration.These additional ingredients include but not limited to one or more ofdispersants, surface treatment agents for the pigment microparticles,plasticizers, conditioners, suspending agents, thickening agents,adjuvants, moisturizers, surfactants, fatty substances, hair feelmodification agents, waxes, fatty amides and soluble organic dyes ofcolors different from those of the pigment microparticles.

An aspect of the invention concerning the fastness or remanence of thecoating on the treated material, and especially on hair strands,comprises the ability of the coating to somewhat to substantially resistdissolution by ordinary cleaning of the treated material such as hair.Ordinary cleaning may involve washing with soap and water, washing withan aqueous dilution of shampoo and washing with water.

An aspect of the invention concerning removal of the coating on thetreated material, such as on hair strands, comprises application of atrigger formulation designed to remove the coating. The triggerformulation embodiments of the invention may comprise a medium with abase. Embodiments of the base include organic and inorganic compoundsthat provide a stronger basic medium than does a dilute aqueous mixtureof soap or a shampoo containing an anionic surfactant.

An additional aspect of the invention concerns the application of thebicomponent composition to treated material such as brows, lashes, nailsand skin as well as to hair on the scalp. Additionally, the bicomponentcomposition may be applied to textiles made of plant material, animalhair or fur or synthetic material. The bicomponent composition may beapplied to these kinds of treated materials and to textiles withappropriate adjustments of the composition parameters within theparameters described for hair on the scalp. Typically, the eyebrow hairmay be treated with the bicomponent composition using parameters similarto or the same as those of the bicomponent composition for hair on thescalp. The hair of eyelashes typically can be similarly treated with thebicomponent composition for eyebrows and the viscosity adjusted toprovide a somewhat more viscous composition for application to the eyelashes. For nails and skin, the parameters of the bicomponentcomposition may have a higher solids content and higher number of firstand second components third functional groups for combining than theparameters for the hair and viscosity may be adjusted to provideembodiments that will not readily drip or otherwise flow off the nail orskin surface to which the bicomponent composition is applied. Thebicomponent composition for nails and textiles will preferably havehigher interaction to provide a durable coating or covering on thekeratin nail and textiles.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts a Gamut plot of green, yellow and red pigments.

FIG. 2 depicts a Gamut plot of green, yellow and blue pigments.

FIG. 3 depicts a Gamut plot of black, yellow and red pigments.

FIG. 4 depicts a Gamut plot of black blue and red pigments.

FIG. 5 depicts a Gamut plot of green, yellow, blue and red pigments.

FIG. 6 depicts a Gamut plot of black, yellow and blue and red pigments.

DEFINITIONS

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinaryskill in the art.

As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms“a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearlydictates otherwise.

The term “may” in the context of this application means “is permittedto” or “is able to” and is a synonym for the term “can.” The term “may”as used herein does not mean possibility or chance.

The term and/or in the context of this application means one or theother or both. For example, an aqueous solution of A and/or B means anaqueous solution of A alone, an aqueous solution of B alone and anaqueous solution of a combination of A and B.

The terms (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylate mean herein both of theacrylic acid and methacrylic acid and both of the acrylate methacrylateesters. The parenthesis surrounding the prefix “meth” means that theterm (meth)acrylic encompasses both of the methacrylic acid and acrylicacid monomers. This term has the same meaning when used with polymers.Without a parenthesis, the term “methacryl” means only the methacrylicacid and esters and does not include acrylic acid and esters. The suffix“ate” means that the term (meth)acrylate is an ester formed bycombination of a monoalcohol or diol with methacrylic acid or acrylicacid.

Acid value is determined by the usual and customary method described inchemical literature.

The molecular weight of a polymer or oligomer used according to theinvention may be measured by a weight average molecular weight, and thedistribution of molecules of different molecular weights of a polymer oroligomer used according to the invention is determined by itspolydispersity index. Molecular weight is expressed as Daltons (Da),kilo Daltons (KDa) and mega Daltons, which is million Daltons or (MDa).The acronym M_(w) stands for weight average molecular weight and M_(n)is the number average molecular weight of a given polymer.Polydispersity is a unit-less number and indicates the breadth of thedistribution of the polymer molecular weights and is defined as theW_(m)/M_(n).

The term “about” is understood to mean±10 percent of the recited number,numbers or range of numbers.

The term “about 0 wt. %” is understood to mean that no substance,compound or material to which zero (0) refers is present, up to anegligible but detectable amount is present, assuming that thedetectability can be determined on a parts per million basis.

The term “hydrogen bonding” is understood to mean a compound or groupthat contain a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen that is part of a polargroup, such as but not limited to an amine, a carboxylic acid, aurethane group, a urea group and other similar groups and that can formmolecule to molecule interaction through electrostatic or ionicinteraction between positive and negative dipolar or ionic groups.

As used herein, the terms “covalent, coordinate, electrostatic, ionic,dipolar and entanglement or entwining interactions” mean a chemicalrelationship between two atoms or two groups of atoms. The interactionincludes a covalent bond between the atoms such as the covalent bondbetween the two carbons of ethane. The interaction includes a coordinatebond between two or more atoms such as the coordinate bond betweenoxygen and sulfur of the sulfate anion (SO₄ ⁻²) or a complex of zinc andEDTA. The interaction includes an electrostatic or ionic interactionbetween two charged atoms or particles such as the interaction betweensodium and chloride of salt or between ammonium and acetate of ammoniumacetate. Dipolar interaction includes hydrogen bonding such as theinteraction between water and the hydroxyl of methyl alcohol. Theinteraction includes entanglement or entwining which is lipophilicinteraction or mechanical/physical twisting together such as is presentin the molecules of polyethylene.

Where features or aspects of the invention are described in terms ofMarkush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that theinvention is also thereby described in terms of any individual member orsubgroup of members of the Markush group. For example, if X is describedas selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl or propyl, claimsfor X being methyl and claims for X being ethyl and propyl are fullydescribed. Moreover, where features or aspects of the invention aredescribed in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art willrecognize that the invention is also thereby described in terms of anycombination of individual members or subgroups of members of Markushgroups. Thus, for example, if X is described as selected from the groupconsisting of bromine, chlorine, and iodine, and Y is described asselected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, and propyl, claimsfor X being bromine and Y being methyl are fully described.

If a value of a variable that is necessarily an integer, e.g., thenumber of carbon atoms in an alkyl group or the number of substituentson a ring, is described as a range, e.g., 0-4, what is meant is that thevalue can be any integer between 0 and 4 inclusive, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 3, or4. Similarly, values expressed in a range format should be interpretedin a flexible manner to include not only the numerical values explicitlyrecited as the limits of the range, but also to include all theindividual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that rangeas if each numerical value and sub-range were explicitly recited. Forexample, a range of “about 0.1% to about 5%” or “about 0.1% to 5%”should be interpreted to include not just about 0.1% to about 5%, butalso the individual values (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the sub-ranges(e.g., 0.1% to 0.5%, 1.1% to 2.2%, 3.3% to 4.4%) within the indicatedrange.

Hair and hair strands mean natural or synthetic keratin fibers. Hair,hair strands and keratin fibers are used interchangeably in thisdocument. Natural keratin fibers include those from mammals and/or onmammals including human, primate, ruminant, camelid, equine, rodent andneovison including but not limited to cow, sheep, deer, goat, buffalo,lama, alpaca, camel, guanaco, vicuna, horse, antelope, moose, elk, rat,mouse, beaver, rabbit, mink, monkey, ape and similar species. Naturalkeratin fibers may include hair, fur or nails. Synthetic fibers includepolyamides, polyacrylic and polyester fibers, especially polyamidefibers which are used for artificial hair implantation.

Oligomer and polymeric compounds mean repeating units of carbon-carbonbackbones with side chains of various classes of groups. The oligomericand polymer compounds may have side chains of aliphatic groups such asalkyl and/or alkenyl groups, aromatic groups such as phenyl and/ornaphthyl groups, heteroaromatic groups such as pyridinyl, quinolinyl,quinazolinyl groups, carboxylic acid groups, hydroxyl groups, aminegroups, mercapto groups, sulfo acid groups, sulfinyl acid groups,carboxyl ester groups, carbamide groups, sulfamide groups, alkoxygroups, monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric ether groups, monomeric,oligomeric and/or polymeric imino groups, and optionally may have somereactive derivative groups such as an acyl group bound to a leavinggroup. The oligomeric and polymeric compounds may be composed of asingle monomeric unit structure such as polystyrene or polyacrylic acidor may have several different monomeric unit structures such as poly(styrene-acrylic acid-methyl acrylate). The multiple monomeric unitstructures may include side chains of esters, amides and side chainssuch as alkyl groups or aromatic groups or similar groups which notderived from carboxylic acid groups.

As used herein, the term “transfer resistance” generally refers to thequality exhibited by compositions that are not readily removed bycontact with another material, such as, for example, an item of clothingor the skin. Transfer resistance can be evaluated by any method known inthe art for evaluating such. For example, transfer resistance of acomposition can be evaluated by the amount of product transferred from awearer to any other substrate after the expiration of a certain amountof time following application of the composition to the hair. The amountof composition transferred to the substrate can then be evaluated andcompared. For example, a composition can be transfer resistant if amajority of the product is left on the wearer's hair. Preferably littleor no composition is transferred to the substrate from the hair.

A transfer test method means the ability or lack of ability to transfercolor from treated material to clothing or other material. The transferof the composition from the hair can be assessed using the followingmethod. Hair tresses are colored according to the test method described.A white cotton cloth is used to test the composition transfer. The clothmeasuring 15 mm by 75 mm is folded in half so as to create two sideswith a size of 15 mm by 37.5 mm. Between the two sides the colored hairtress is inserted and laid flat onto a surface such that the top portionof the tress where it is glued together just protrudes from the foldedtwo sides of cotton. A weight of 0.1 Kg is applied evenly over the topsurface of the cotton and the hair which is wrapped below it. The hairtress is then pulled through the cotton cloth over a time until it isremoved altogether from the cloth in 1 to 3 seconds. The weight isremoved, and the cloth opened to reveal the inner surface. A visualassessment can then be performed on the sample to give it a rating from0 to 5 for color transfer, with 0 being no transfer and 5 beingextremely high transfer. The method can also be used to compare betweendifferent prototypes and provide a comparative assessment of better orworse performance.

As used herein, the term “minimally alters the keratin material orfibers, upon application” generally means that after removal of thecomposition coating on the keratin fibers such as hair, the keratinfibers are returned to a substantially unaltered state. The state of thekeratin fibers such as hair can be assessed for example using ATR FT-IRfor oxidative damage as described later or through tensile testingmethods known to those skilled in the art for assessing fiber strengthfor example using equipment such as those designed and sold byDia-Stron™.

As used herein, the term “setting” means converting the bicomponentcomposition to a solid coating through the application of means designedto remove or otherwise separate the medium from the other constituentsof the bicomponent composition so as to leave a solid coating of theorganic polymer, pretreatment base compound and base compound and otheroptional ingredients of the composition.

“in situ” is a Latin phase meaning in its original place. In the contextof this invention, it means an activity such an interaction arrangementby hydrogen bonding, polar coupling or electrostatic activity betweentwo or more molecules that occurs in place on the treated material suchas hair.

“Aliphatic substituent, group or component” refers to any organic groupthat is non-aromatic. Included are acyclic and cyclic organic compoundscomposed of carbon, hydrogen and optionally of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfurand other heteroatoms. This term encompasses all of the followingorganic groups except the following defined aromatic and heteroaromaticgroups. Examples of such groups include but are not limited to alkyl,alkenyl, alkynyl, corresponding groups with heteroatoms, cyclic analogs,heterocyclic analogs, branched and linear versions and such groupsoptionally substituted with functional groups, as these groups andothers meeting this definition of “aliphatic” are defined below.

“Aromatic substituent, group or component” refers to any and allaromatic groups including but not limited to aryl, aralkyl,heteroalkylaryl, heteroalkylheteroaryl and heteroaryl groups. The term“aromatic” is general in that it encompasses all compounds containingaryl groups optionally substituted with functional groups (all carbonaromatic groups) and all compounds containing heteroaryl groupsoptionally substituted with functional groups (carbon-heteroatomaromatic groups), as these groups and others meeting this definition of“aromatic” are defined below.

As used herein, the term “optionally” means that the correspondingsubstituent or thing may or may not be present. It includes bothpossibilities.

“Alkyl” refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain radicalconsisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, unless otherwisespecifically described as having additional heteroatoms or heterogroups.The alkyl group contains no unsaturation, having from one to twenty-twocarbon atoms (e.g., C₁-C₂₄ alkyl). Whenever it appears herein, anumerical range such as “1 to 24 refers to each integer in the givenrange; e.g., “1 to 24 carbon atoms” means that the alkyl group mayconsist of 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc., up toand including 24 carbon atoms, although the present definition alsocovers the occurrence of the term “alkyl” where no numerical range isdesignated. In some embodiments, it is a C₁-C₄ alkyl group. Typicalalkyl groups include, but are in no way limited to, methyl, ethyl,propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl isobutyl, tertiarybutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, septyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl,and the like. The alkyl is attached to the rest of the molecule by asingle bond, for example, methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), n-propyl,1-methylethyl (iso-propyl), n-butyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl(t-butyl), 3-methylhexyl, 2-methylhexyl, and the like.

“Alkylenyl” refers to a straight or branched divalent hydrocarbon chainconsisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, unless otherwisespecifically described as having additional heteroatoms or heterogroups.The alkylenyl group contains no unsaturation has a valence bond ateither end of the chain and has a numerical range of carbon atoms of 1to 24, which numerical range includes each integer in the range. Anexample of a divalent hydrocarbon chain designated as an alkylenyl groupis —CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂— which is butylenyl.

“Cycloalkyl” refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic radical that containsonly carbon and hydrogen, and may be saturated, or partiallyunsaturated. Cycloalkyl groups include groups having from 3 to 24 ringatoms (i.e., C₂-C₁₀ cycloalkyl). Whenever it appears herein, a numericalrange such as “3 to 24” refers to each integer in the given range; e.g.,“3 to 24 carbon atoms” means that the cycloalkyl group may consist of 3carbon atoms, etc., up to and including 10 carbon atoms. In someembodiments, it is a C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl radical. In some embodiments, itis a C₃-C₅ cycloalkyl radical. Illustrative examples of cycloalkylgroups include, but are not limited to the following moieties:cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl,cyclohexenyl, cycloseptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl,norbornyl, and the like.

“Alkoxy” refers to the group —O-alkyl, including from 1 to 24 carbonatoms of a straight, branched, cyclic configuration and combinationsthereof attached to the parent structure through an oxygen. Examplesinclude methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, cyclopropyloxy,cyclohexyloxy and the like. “Lower alkoxy” refers to alkoxy groupscontaining one to six carbons. In some embodiments, C₁-C₄ alkyl is analkyl group which encompasses both straight and branched chain alkyls offrom 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

“Amino” or “amine” refers to an —N(R^(a))₂ radical group, where eachR^(a) is independently hydrogen or linear, branched or cyclic alkyl of 1to 6 carbons. When an —N(R^(a))₂ group has two Ra other than hydrogenthey can be combined with the nitrogen atom to form a 4-, 5-, 6-, or7-membered ring.

“Aryl” refers to a conjugated pi radical with six or ten ring atomswhich has at least one ring having a conjugated pi electron system whichis carbocyclic (e.g., phenyl, fluorenyl, and naphthyl). Bivalentradicals formed from substituted benzene derivatives and having the freevalences at ring atoms are named as substituted phenylene radicals.Bivalent radicals derived from univalent polycyclic hydrocarbon radicalswhose names end in “-yl” by removal of one hydrogen atom from the carbonatom with the free valence are named by adding “-idene” to the name ofthe corresponding univalent radical, e.g., a naphthyl group with twopoints of attachment is termed naphthylidene. The term includesmonocyclic or monocyclic-ring polycyclic (i.e., rings which shareadjacent pairs of ring atoms) groups.

“Heteroalkyl” “heteroalkenyl” and “heteroalkynyl” include optionallysubstituted alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals and which have one ormore skeletal chain atoms selected from an atom other than carbon, e.g.,oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or combinations thereof. Anumerical range may be given, e.g. C₁-C₄ heteroalkyl which refers to thechain length in total, which in this example is 24 atoms long. Forexample, a —CH₂OCH₂CH₃ radical is referred to as a “C₄” heteroalkyl,which includes the heteroatom center in the atom chain lengthdescription. Connection to the rest of the molecule may be througheither a heteroatom or a carbon in the heteroalkyl chain.

“Heteroaryl” or heteroaromatic refers to a 5, 6 or 10-membered aromaticradical (e.g., C₅-C₁₃ heteroaryl) that includes one or more ringheteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and which may bea monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic ring system. Wheneverit appears herein, a numerical range refers to each integer in the givenrange. An N-containing “heteroaromatic” or “heteroaryl” moiety refers toan aromatic group in which at least one of the skeletal atoms of thering is a nitrogen atom. The polycyclic heteroaryl group may bemonocyclic or non-monocyclic. The heteroatom(s) in the heteroarylradical is optionally oxidized. One or more nitrogen atoms, if present,are optionally quaternized. The heteroaryl is attached to the rest ofthe molecule through any atom of the ring(s). Examples of heteroarylsinclude, but are not limited to adeninyl, azabenzimidazolyl, azaindolyl,azepinyl, acridinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzindolyl, 1,3-benzodioxolyl,benzofuranyl, benzooxazolyl, benzo[d]thiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl,benzo[b][1,4]dioxepinyl, benzo[b][1,4]oxazinyl, 1,4-benzodioxanyl,benzonaphthofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzodioxinyl,benzoxazolyl, benzopyranyl, benzopyranonyl, benzofuranyl,benzofuranonyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl(benzothiophenyl), benzothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl, benzotriazolyl,benzo[4,6]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, carbazolyl, cinnolinyl,cyclopenta[d]pyrimidinyl,6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl,5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolinyl, 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnolinyl,6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-c]pyridazinyl, dibenzofuranyl,dibenzothiophenyl, furanyl, furazanyl, furanonyl, furo[3,2-c]pyridinyl,5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydrocycloocta[d]pyrimidinyl,5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydrocycloocta[d]pyridazinyl,5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydrocycloocta[d]pyridinyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl,imidazopyridinyl, isoxazolopyridinyl, indazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl,isoindolyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolyl, indolizinyl,isoxazolyl, 5,8-methano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolinyl, naphthyridinyl,1,6-naphthyridinonyl, oxadiazolyl, 2-oxoazepinyl, oxazolyl, oxiranyl,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrobenzo[h]quinazolinyl, 1-phenyl-1H-pyrrolyl,phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl,purinyl, pyranyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl,pyridinyl, pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl, pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl,pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl,quinoxalinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl,5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolinyl,5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl,6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl,5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,5-c]pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl,thianaphthalenyl, thiapyranyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl,thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl, thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl,thieno[2,3-c]pyridinyl, and thiophenyl (i.e., thienyl), xanthinyl,guaninyl, quinoxalinyl, and quinazolinyl groups.

“Heterocyclic” refers to any monocyclic or polycyclic moiety comprisingat least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Asused herein, heterocyclyl moieties can be aromatic or nonaromatic. Themoieties heteroaryl and heterocyclyl alkyl are members of theheterocyclic group.

Zeta potential relating to pigment microparticles means theelectrokinetic potential of extremely small particles suspended incolloidal dispersions. It is caused by the net electrical charge at theparticle interface with the suspending fluid. It is an indicator of thestability of a colloidal dispersion. The magnitude indicates the degreeof electrostatic repulsion between adjacent similar charged particles ina dispersion. At zero or minimal+ or − potential, rapid coagulation canoccur. At a + or − zeta potential above about 40, good colloidalstability is maintained. Zeta potential can be measured using approachesknown to those skilled in the art. For example, a Zetasizer Nano Z fromMalvern Panalytical may be used to assess the zeta potential of thecomponents.

The term “textile” as used herein has its ordinary and customary meaningand includes cloth, fabric or other material made out of natural plantfibers, synthetic fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers, animal fiberssuch as may be derived from feathers, sinew, ligament, muscle and/orbone. The fibers are combined by weaving, felting, gluing, tacking,spinning, extruding, blow melting or other-wise formed into at least asomewhat coherent mass typically considered to be cloth, fabric, spongerubber, foam, woven or nonwoven material. Rugs, bedsheets, clothing,coats, hats, underwear, socks, seat covers, seat cushions, pillows, andsimilar materials are textiles. Included also is paper made of plant orsynthetic material such as typing paper, writing paper, foil, parchmentpapers, wax paper, aluminum foil and similar flat, thin materials.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Aspects of the present invention generally relate to disadvantages ofknown technologies for coloration of treated material, especiallykeratin material such as but not limited to hair by limiting damage tokeratin proteins within the material, particularly after repeated dyingevents; facilitating the quantitative or substantially quantitative ondemand removal of the color; limiting quick or inconsistent wash-out ofthe coloring means; limiting the potential for temporary irritation ofthe scalp upon applying known compositions (e.g., containing hydrogenperoxide at and an elevated pH); and shortening at least one of thetreatment process and post-treatment processes, including drying time.In sum, the present invention is directed to compositions for colorationof treated material in such a way that the color can be applied andremain on the treated material until it is desired to remove the color.This makes the treatment process more pleasurable for the user and orstylist. It is also desired that the results are predictable, enablingthe user to achieve their target hair color result.

The composition, method and coating aspects of the invention aredirected to embodiments of a bicomponent composition that are adapted toprovide colored coating embodiments on the surfaces of treated materialsuch as but not limited to hair strands. The colored coating embodimentshave “color fastness” or remanence that enables them to remain insomewhat to substantial original composition on the treated materialthrough at least a series of washings with aqueous media containing soapand/or shampoo. Yet by manipulation of the triggering formulationaccording to the invention, the coating embodiments can be removed fromthe treated material to leave it in its substantially to essentiallynatural state before application of the bicomponent composition to thetreated material. The bicomponent composition embodiments minimallyalter treated material upon their application thereon and theembodiments of the method of application may be accomplished in shorttimes.

The embodiments of the bicomponent composition according to theinvention comprise first and second components formulated to provide thedesired coloration of treated material, to provide the desired remanenceand to provide the ability for removal without damage to the treatedmaterial. Sequential application of the first and second components willprovide the desired benefits. Pretreatment of the treated material withthe second component followed by application of the first componentdelivers the results for remanence and appropriate quality parametersespecially for the treated material. The combination of the twocomponents of the bicomponent composition in the aspect of use andapplication to treated material provides an unexpected synergy indelivering outstanding properties of remanence and tactile quality forthe colored coating on treated material.

A. The Bicomponent Composition

First Component: Organic Polymer

The organic polymer of the first component of the bicomponentcomposition includes homopolymer, copolymer or terpolymer embodiments.These embodiments comprise oligomers and polymers of appropriatemonomeric units such as but not limited to one or more olefin monomers,ester units of diacids/diol monomers, ester units of hydroxy acidmonomers, ether monomeric units, thioether monomeric units, polyolmonomeric units, alkylene oxide monomeric units, alkylene iminemonomeric units, urethane monomeric units urea monomeric units, amideunits of diacid/diamine monomers, amide units of amino acid monomericunits, amino acid units providing peptides, gelatin or biopolymers;carbohydrate monomeric units providing alginates, cellulosicderivatives, polysaccharides; as well as other repeating residues basedon carbon or carbon in combination with other atoms such as oxygenand/or nitrogen, and any combination thereof. Preferably the oligomersand polymers are polyolefins, polyesters, polyethers, polyurethanes orpolyamides or any combination thereof. More preferably, the oligomersand polymers are polyolefins, polyesters or polyurethanes or anycombination thereof. Especially more preferably, the oligomers andpolymers are polyolefins or polyesters.

The organic polymer may have any kind of pendant moiety includingnon-polar, aprotic, polar or protic groups (hereinafter functionalgroups) joined to the polymer backbone through connecting moieties suchas but not limited to linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic moieties. Thefunctional groups include oxygen, nitrogen, ester, oxycarbonyl, amide,carboxyl, hydroxyl, mercapto, thioether, ether, amino, imino, sulfonyl,sulfinyl and similar groups within or along the connecting moieties.These connecting moieties also include aromatic groups, heteroaromaticgroups, small to oligomeric repeating carbon units, all with the sameoptional heteroatoms and heteroatom groups described for the alkylchains and/or moieties. These connecting moieties may also be oligomericor polymeric silicone moieties constructed of organosiloxane units.

Organic Polymers

Embodiments of the organic polymers for the first component can beconceptualized as classes, subclasses and categories of organic polymerswith functional groups. These organic polymers include but are notlimited to oligomers and polymers of appropriate monomeric units such asbut not limited to one or more olefin monomers, ester units ofdiacids/diol monomers or of hydroxy acid monomers, ether monomericunits, thioether monomeric units, polyol monomeric units, alkylene oxidemonomeric units, alkylene imine monomeric units, urethane monomericunits urea monomeric units, amide units of diacid/diamine monomers or ofamino acid monomeric units, amino acid units providing peptides, gelatinor biopolymers; carbohydrate monomeric units providing alginates,cellulosic derivatives, cellulose esters, polysaccharides; hydroxylatedpolyester, acrylate functionalized polyester, polyester polyurethaneacrylic copolymer, polyurethane-polyglycol copolymer, polycarbonatediols, styrene-allyl alcohol copolymer, ketone resins; as well as otherrepeating residues based on carbon or carbon in combination with otheratoms such as oxygen and/or nitrogen, and any combination thereof.Additional organic polymers include but are not limited to non-polarolefinic polymers, polar, non-protonic olefinic polymers, vinylpolymers, polyethers, polycondensates, block polymers and any compoundwith repeating carbon unit residues. Preferably the organic polymers arepolyolefins including polyvinyl compounds, polyesters, polyethers,polyurethanes or polyamides or any combination thereof. More preferably,the organic polymers are polyolefins including polyvinyl compounds,polyesters or polyurethanes or any combination thereof. Especially morepreferably, the organic polymers are polyolefins, polyvinyl compounds orpolyesters.

Organic polymers containing acid groups may be developed from anymonomeric unit containing acid groups such as carboxylic acid, sulfonicacid, sufinic acid, phosphoric acid. The acidic units may be combinedwith non acidic units which are hydrophilic or hydrophobic to provideappropriate precursor organic polymers. Such polymers are described inthe following passages.

Polymers may include copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid and of at leastone linear, branched or cyclic (cycloaliphatic or aromatic)(meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and/or of at least one linear, branchedor cyclic (cycloaliphatic or aromatic) mono- or disubstituted(meth)acrylic acid amide monomer.

Included are copolymers such as acrylic acid/ethylacrylate/N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymers such as the product soldunder the name Ultrahold 8 and that sold under the name Ultrahold Strongby the company BASF; (meth)acrylic acid/tert-butyl (meth)acrylate and/orisobutyl (meth)acrylate/C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers such asthe acrylic acid/tert-butyl acrylate/ethyl acrylate terpolymer sold bythe company BASF under the name Luvimer 100P; (meth)acrylic acid/ethylacrylate/methyl methacrylate terpolymers and tetrapolymers such as theethyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/acrylic acid/methacrylic acidcopolymer such as the product sold under the name Amerhold DR-25 by thecompany Amerchol; methyl methacrylate/butyl or ethylacrylate/hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate ormethacrylate/(meth)acrylic acid tetrapolymers such as the methylmethacrylate/butyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methacrylic acidtetrapolymers sold by the company Rohm & Haas under the name Acudyne255.

Additional examples of organic polymers include copolymers of acrylicacid and of C1-C4 alkyl methacrylate and terpolymers ofvinylpyrrolidone, of acrylic acid and of C1-C20 alkyl, for examplelauryl, methacrylate, such as that sold by the company ISP under thename Acrylidone M and the copolymer of methacrylic acid and of ethylacrylate sold under the name Luvimer MAEX by the company BASF.

Yet other examples of organic polymers include amphoteric copolymerssuch as N-octylacrylamide/methyl methacrylate/hydroxypropylmethacrylate/acrylic acid/tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers,in particular that sold under the name Amphomer by the company NationalStarch, or the copolymer Lovocryl L47 sold by the same company.

Additional examples of organic polymers include copolymers of(meth)acrylic acid and of (meth)acrylic acid esters or amidesfurthermore containing linear, branched or cyclic (cycloaliphatic oraromatic, which may or may not be substituted) vinyl esters, such asvinyl acetate; vinyl propionate; vinyl esters of branched acid such asvinyl versatate; vinyl esters of substituted or unsubstituted benzoicacid; these copolymers may furthermore also contain groups resultingfrom the copolymerization with styrene, alpha-methylstyrene or asubstituted styrene. Other examples include copolymers of (meth)acrylicacid and of at least one olefinic monomer chosen from vinyl esters suchas those mentioned above and containing no (meth)acrylic acid acrylamideor ester monomer. These copolymers may also contain olefinic groupsresulting from the copolymerization with styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene,a substituted styrene and optionally monoethylenic monomers such asethylene.

Still other examples include copolymers of vinyl monoacid such ascrotonic acid and vinylbenzoic acid and/or of allylic monoacid such asallyloxyacetic acid.

Organic polymers include copolymers of crotonic acid containing vinylacetate or propionate units in their chain and optionally of othermonomers such as allylic or methallylic esters, vinyl ethers or vinylesters of a saturated, linear or branched carboxylic acid containing along hydrocarbon chain, such as those containing at least 5 carbonatoms, it being possible for these polymers optionally to be grafted andcrosslinked, or alternatively a vinyl, allylic or methallylic ester ofan alpha- or beta-cyclic carboxylic acid. These copolymers may alsocontain olefinic groups resulting from the copolymerization withstyrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, a substituted styrene and optionallymonoethylenic monomers such as ethylene.

Organic polymers include vinyl polymers such as vinyl acetate/crotonicacid/polyethylene glycol copolymers such as that sold by the companyHoechst under the name “Aristoflex A”; vinyl acetate/crotonic acidcopolymers such as that sold by the company BASF Additional examples ofprecursor organic polymers include the polyolefins, polyvinyls,polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethers, polycondensates and naturalpolymers.

Additional examples of organic polymers include the polyolefins,polyvinyls, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethers, polycondensates andnatural polymers of the following passages.

Additional embodiments of the organic polymers include but are notlimited to homopolymers and copolymers of olefins; cycloolefins;butadiene; isoprene; styrene; vinyl ethers, esters, or amides;(meth)acrylic acid esters or amides containing a linear, branched, orcyclic C1-C24 alkyl group, a C6-C24 aryl group or a C2-C24 hydroxyalkylgroup. These polymers may be obtained from monomers such asisooctyl(meth)acrylate, isononyl(meth)acrylate,2-ethylhexyl(meth)acrylate, lauryl(meth)acrylate,isopentyl(meth)acrylate, n-butyl(meth)acrylate, isobutyl(meth)acrylate,ethyl(meth)acrylate, methyl(meth)acrylate, tert-butyl(meth)acrylate,tridecyl(meth)acrylate, stearyl(meth)acrylate,hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate, benzylacrylate, phenyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof. Amides monomers includebut are not limited to (meth)acrylamides, such asN-alkyl(meth)acrylamides, for example of a C2-C12 alkyl, such asN-ethylacrylamide, N-t-butylacrylamide, and N-octylacrylamide;N-di(C1-C4)alkyl (meth)acrylamides and perfluoroalkyl(meth)acrylates.

Embodiments of the organic polymers may also include incorporation of orattachment of a vinyl group to a diverse number of compounds.Polymerization delivers the polyvinyl compound (e.g., a version ofpolyolefins) with a large variation of substituent identity. Examples ofvinyl monomers for such polymerization include but are not limited tovinyl alkanoate such as vinyl acetate, N-vinylpyrrolidone,vinylcaprolactam, vinyl N—(C1-C6)alkylpyrroles, vinyloxazoles,vinylthiazoles, vinylpyrimidines, vinyl pyridine, vinyl thiophene, andvinylimidazoles, olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butenes, isoprene,and butadienes.

Embodiments of organic polymers also include but are not limited to, forexample, of the alkyl acrylate/cycloalkyl acrylate copolymer, theacrylates/C12-22 alkyl methacrylate copolymer and vinylpyrrolidonecopolymers, such as copolymers of a C2-C30 alkene, such as a C3-C22alkene, and combinations thereof. VP copolymers include but are notlimited to VP/vinyl laurate copolymer, the VP/vinyl stearate copolymer,the butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) copolymer, the VP/hexadecenecopolymer, the VP/eicosene copolymer, the VP/triacontene copolymer orthe VP/acrylic acid/lauryl methacrylate copolymer,octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer,acrylates/octylacrylamide copolymer, polymers bearing fluoro groupsbelonging to one of the classes described in the above text, and thecopolymers of alkyl(meth)acrylate/perfluoroalkyl(meth)acrylate.Additional organic polymers include those resulting from thepolymerization or copolymerization of an ethylenic monomer, comprisingat least one ethylenic bond, which can be, for example, conjugated (ordienes). organic polymer resulting from the polymerization orcopolymerization of an ethylenic monomer, vinyl, acrylic, or methacryliccopolymers are also included without limitation.

organic polymers as block copolymers are also included, examples ofwhich include but are not limited to a block copolymer comprising atleast one block comprising styrene units or styrene derivatives (forexample methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, or chloromethylstyrene). Thecopolymer comprising at least one styrene block may also comprise, forexample, an alkylstyrene (AS) block, an ethylene/butylene (EB) block, anethylene/propylene (EP) block, a butadiene (B) block, an isoprene (I)block, an acrylate (A) block, or a methacrylate (MA) block, or acombination of these blocks. The copolymer comprising at least one blockof styrene units or styrene derivatives may be a diblock or triblockcopolymer, for example of the polystyrene/polyisoprene orpolystyrene/polybutadiene type, those of thepolystyrene/copoly(ethylene-propylene) type or alternatively of thepolystyrene/copoly(ethylene/butylene) type as well asstyrene-methacrylate copolymers.

Further embodiments of organic polymers include but are not limited tothose chosen from copolymers of vinyl ester (the vinyl group beingdirectly connected to the oxygen atom of the ester group and the vinylester having a saturated, linear or branched hydrocarbon-based radicalof 1 to 19 carbon atoms bonded to the carbonyl of the ester group) andof at least one other monomer chosen from vinyl esters (other than thevinyl ester already present), α-olefins (containing from 8 to 28 carbonatoms), alkyl vinyl ethers (in which the alkyl group contains from 2 to18 carbon atoms), or allylic or methallylic esters (containing a linearor branched saturated hydrocarbon-based radical of 1 to 19 carbon atoms,bonded to the carbonyl of the ester group).

Further non-limiting examples of the organic polymers include thefollowing copolymers: vinyl acetate/allyl stearate, vinyl acetate/vinyllaurate, vinyl acetate/vinyl stearate, vinyl acetate/octadecene, vinylacetate/octadecyl vinyl ether, vinyl propionate/allyl laurate, vinylpropionate/vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate/1-octadecene, vinylacetate/1-dodecene, vinyl stearate/ethyl vinyl ether, vinylpropionate/cetyl vinyl ether, vinyl stearate/allyl acetate, vinyl2,2-dimethyloctanoate/vinyl laurate, allyl 2,2-dimethylpentanoate/vinyllaurate, vinyl dimethylpropionate/vinyl stearate, allyldimethylpropionate/vinyl stearate, vinyl propionate/vinyl stearate,vinyl dimethylpropionate/vinyl laurate, vinyl acetate/octadecyl vinylether, vinyl acetate/allyl stearate, vinyl acetate/1-octadecene andallyl propionate/allyl stearate.

Additional embodiments of the organic polymers include polyalkenes andcopolymers of C2-C20 alkenes, for example polybutene, polymers ofnatural origin, which are optionally modified, chosen from shellacresin, sandarac gum, dammar resins, elemi gums, copal resins, andpolysaccharides comprising alkyl (ether or ester) side chains, forexample alkylcelluloses containing a linear or branched, saturated, orunsaturated C1-C8 alkyl radical, such as ethylcellulose andpropylcellulose.

Embodiments of the organic polymers may be of natural origin and may bechosen, for example, from cellulose-based polymers such asnitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetobutyrate, or celluloseacetopropionate. Non-limiting examples include the ethylcellulose thecellulose acetobutyrate, and the cellulose acetopropionates.

Embodiments of the organic polymers also include but are not limited topolycondensates which include but are not limited to polyurethanes,polyurethane-acrylics, polyurethane-polyvinylpyrrolidones,polyester-polyurethanes, polyether-polyurethanes, polyureas,polyurea-polyurethanes, and mixtures thereof. The polyurethanes may be,for example, a copolymer of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromaticpolyurethane, or of polyurea-polyurethane.

The polyurethanes may also be obtained from branched or unbranchedpolyesters or from alkyds comprising mobile hydrogens that are modifiedvia a polyaddition with a diisocyanate and an organic difunctional (forexample dihydro, diamino or hydroxy-amino) coreagent.

Non-limiting examples of organic polymer may also include polyesters,polyester amides, fatty-chain polyesters, polyamides, and epoxyesterresins. The polyesters may be obtained in a known manner via thepolycondensation of aliphatic or aromatic diacids with aliphatic oraromatic diols or with polyols. Succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipicacid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, or sebacic acid may be used asaliphatic diacids. Terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, or even aderivative such as phthalic anhydride, may be used as aromatic diacids.Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol,cyclohexanedimethanol, and 4,4-N-(1-methylpropylidene)bisphenol may beused as aliphatic diols.

The polyesteramides may be obtained in a manner similar to that for thepolyesters, via the polycondensation of diacids with amino alcohols. Thepolyamides may be obtained in a manner similar to that for thepolyesters, via the polycondensation of diacids with diamines. Exemplarypolyesters that may be mentioned include aliphatic polyesters containingC4-50 alkyl side chains or polyesters resulting from the condensation offatty acid dimers, or alternatively polyesters comprising a siliconesegment in the form of a terminal block, graft, or group.

Embodiments of Classes of the Organic Polymer

Embodiments of the organic polymer of the first component comprise oneor more of the above described organic polymers with functional groups,especially polyolefins, polyvinyls, polyesters, polyethers, polyamides,polyurethanes and combinations thereof. Especially preferred arepolyolefins, polyvinyls, polyesters, polyurethanes and polyethers. Moreespecially preferred are polyolefins, polyvinyls and polyesters. Theresulting organic polymer may comprise very low to very slight tomoderate to substantial water solubility or dispersibility because ofthe presence of the functional groups. In some instances, the watersolubility or dispersibility may be negligible. Although it is not alimitation of the invention, it is believed that when the organicpolymer has negligible water solubility or dispersibility, itscombination with the base compound to form a remanent coating may not beas efficient as can occur with better water solubility or dispersibilityof the organic polymer.

Embodiments of the organic polymer may be selected from oligomers andpolymers produced from monomers or monomeric units of one or more olefinmonomers, ester units of diacids/diol monomers or of hydroxy acidmonomers, ether monomeric units, thioether monomeric units, polyolmonomeric units, alkylene oxide monomeric units, alkylene iminemonomeric units, urethane monomeric units, urea monomeric units, amideunits of diacid/diamine monomers or of amino acid monomeric units, aminoacid units providing peptides, gelatin or biopolymers; carbohydratemonomeric units providing alginates, cellulosic derivatives orpolysaccharides; as well as other repeating residues based on carbon orcarbon in combination with other atoms such as oxygen and/or nitrogen,and any combination thereof. The organic polymer may comprise apolyolefin, a polyester, a hydroxylated polyester, an acrylatefunctionalized polyester, a polycarbonate, a polyallyl alcohol, a ketoneresin, a polyether, a polyimine, a polyurethane, a polyurea, apolyglycol, a polyamide, a polypeptide, a carbohydrate compound, acellulose, a cellulose derivative such as a cellulose ester or ahydroxylated cellulose or a carboxyl cellulose or a hydroxyl celluloseester or carboxylic acid, an alginate, a gum, a polysaccharide, an aminoacid polymer, a gelatin, an oligopeptide, a polypeptide or a protein, acarbohydrate-amino acid such as a glycosylated peptide or acarbohydrate-purine/pyrimidine base such as a polynucleoside, abiopolymer, a (meth)acrylic copolymer, a crotonic copolymer, apolyurethane-polyglycol copolymer, a polycarbonate diol, a styrene-allylalcohol copolymer, a polyol, a natural gum, polyvinyl acetate,polyvinylpyrrolidone, polynipam, a polymer based on one or more olefinmonomers, a polymer based on ester units of diacids/diol monomers, apolymer based on ester units of hydroxy acid monomers, a polymer basedon ether monomeric units, a polymer based on thioether monomeric units,a polymer based on polyol monomeric units, a polymer based on alkyleneoxide monomeric units, a polymer based on of alkylene imine monomericunits, a polymer based on urethane monomeric units, a polymer based onurea monomeric units, a polymer based on amide units of diacid/diaminemonomers, a polymer based on amide units of amino acid monomeric unitsor other polymer having repeating residues based on carbon or carbon incombination with other atoms such as oxygen and/or nitrogen, and anycombination thereof. Preferred organic polymers include polyolefins,polyvinyls, polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyurethanes andcombinations thereof. Especially preferred organic polymers includepolyolefins, polyvinyls, polyesters, polyurethanes and polyethers andcombinations thereof. More especially preferred organic polymers includepolyolefins, polyvinyls and polyesters and combinations thereof.

The organic polymer may have pendant moieties appended to the polymerbackbone such as esters, ethers, oxycarbonyls, amides, aliphatic groups,aromatic groups, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups or similargroups that are other than polar and protic. Examples of pendantmoieties include but are not limited to such moieties as an alkylcarboxyl ester resulting from polymerization of an alkyl (meth)acrylate,or phenyl resulting from polymerization of styrene.

The functional groups of the organic polymer may be arranged as pendantgroups, arranged as terminal groups or may be a combination thereof. Thefunctional groups may include oxygen, nitrogen, ester, oxycarbonyl,amide, thioamide, thioester, carboxyl, hydroxyl, mercapto, thioether,ether, amino, imino, sulfonyl, sulfinyl and similar groups within oralong the connecting moieties. The preferred functional groups may bepolar and/or protic groups including but not limited to carboxylic acidgroups, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, mercapto groups (i.e., thiol,—SH), sulfo acid groups (HO₃S—), sulfino acid groups (HO₂S—), or anycombination thereof. Not all organic polymer molecules may bear the samenumber of functional groups.

The functional groups may be covalently linked to the polymer backbonethrough any manner of carbon-carbon or carbon-silicon connectionarrangements or units. These carbon and/or silicon connectionarrangements may be but are not limited to a carbon connection unitcomprising a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C24 alkylenyl, oxyalkyenyl,alkylenyloxy or oxyalkylenyloxy unit, a C2-C24 alkanoyl or oxyalkanoylunit, a C6-C24 aromatic or oxyaromatic unit, a C5-C24 heteroaromatic oroxyheteroaromatic unit having one or two heteroatoms selected fromnitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, a (C_(z)—O—C_(z))_(n) polyether unitwherein z is an integer of 1 to 6 and n is an integer of 2 to 6, a(C_(y)—NH—C_(y))_(m) polyimino unit wherein y is an integer of 1 to 6and m is an integer of 2 to 6. The recitation of “oxy” before or afteran organic group means that the organic group such as alkylenyl isconnected to the polymer chain through an oxygen. For example, analkylenyl group is connected to the polymer chain by a carbon-carbonbond while an oxyalkylenyl group is connected to the polymer chain by acarbon-oxygen bond.

Alternatively the functional groups may be covalently linked to theorganic polymer through a linear or branched silicon connection unitcomprising a Si1-Si24 organosiloxane moiety (as R₂Si0₂ monomericresidues) having methyl as the organo group with silicon of theconnection unit bonded to the functional group through an alkylenylgroup of one to three carbons or through an oxyalkylenyl group of one tothree carbons or through an oxyalkylenyloxy group of one to threecarbons and combinations thereof. The carbon and/or silicon connectionarrangements are covalently bound to the organic polymer backbone and tothe functional groups.

These embodiments of the organic polymer have functional groups that arecompatible with each other and other substituents of the organicpolymer.

The Organic Polymer of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Monomers

Representative embodiments of some classes of the organic polymercomprise repeating units of a hydrophobic monomer or a hydrophilicmonomer or a combination thereof, preferably a combination of thehydrophobic monomer and the hydrophilic monomer.

The hydrophobic monomer of this organic polymer embodiment may beselected from one or more of an olefinic carboxylate ester monomer or anolefinic carboxamide monomer, an olefinic sulfonamide monomer or anycombination thereof. The olefinic carboxylate ester comprises an esterof an olefinic carboxylic acid and at least one saturated linear orbranched C1 to C24 primary or secondary alcohol or a C4 to C24 cyclic oralkylcyclic alcohol. The olefinic carboxamide monomer comprises an amideof an olefinic carboxylic acid and ammonia or at least one linear orbranched C1 to C24 primary amine. The olefinic sulfonamide monomercomprises an amide of an olefinic sulfonic acid and ammonia or at leastone linear or branched C1 to C24 primary amine or a cyclic oralkylcyclic C4 to C24 alcohol.

The olefin monomer of this organic polymer embodiment has the formula:H₂C═CHR wherein R is selected from hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl ofone to twenty four carbons, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substitutedby one or more linear or branched alkyl of 1 to twenty four carbons,carboxylic ester of an linear or branched C1 to C214 alkanol,carboxamide of ammonia or a linear or branched C1 to C24 primary amine,sulfonamide, sulfinamide, or R is selected from —CR²═CHR¹ wherein R¹ ishydrogen, methyl, ethyl or phenyl and R² is hydrogen or methyl.

The hydrophilic olefinic monomer of this embodiment of the organicpolymer may be selected from:

-   -   (i) a hydroxyl ester of an olefinic carboxylic acid and a linear        or branched alkyl diol of 2 to 24 carbons or a cyclic alkyl diol        of 5 to 24 carbons;    -   (ii) an aminoalkyl ester of an olefinic carboxylic acid and a        linear or branched C2-C24 aminoalkyl alcohol or a cyclic C5-C24        aminoalkyl alcohol; (ii) a mercaptoalkyl ester of an olefinic        carboxylic acid, and a linear or branched C2-C23 mercaptoalkyl        alcohol or a cyclic C5-C24 mercaptoalkyl alcohol;    -   (iii) an olefinic acid;    -   (iv) vinyl alcohol;    -   (v) a polar olefinic compound of the formula H₂C═CHC₆H₄R wherein        R is selected from selected from hydroxy, sulfonic acid,        sulfinic acid, carboxylic acid, or a polyester polyol group        having terminal and/or pendant hydroxyl groups; or,    -   (viii) any combination of multiples of the hydroxyl ester, the        aminoalkyl ester, the mercaptoalkyl ester, the olefinic acid,        the vinyl alcohol, or the polar olefinic compound.

The olefinic carboxylic acid of this embodiment of the organic polymeris an alkenoic acid of 3 to 24 carbons or alkendioic acid of 4 to 24carbons or partially hydrolyzed polyacrylonitile or any combinationthereof.

This embodiment of the organic polymer comprises at least two pendant orterminal or pendant and terminal and preferably multiple functionalgroups which are selected from a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acidgroup, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, an amine group, amercapto group, or a combination thereof.

Additional embodiments of the organic polymer may include polymers ofolefinic carboxylic acids such as (meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid,pentadienoic acid (butadienyl carboxylic acid) optionally combined witholefinic acid esters and amides and neutral olefinic monomers. Theorganic polymer may include units of olefinic carboxylic acid monomersincluding (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid,crotonic acid, pentenoic acid pentadienoic acid, isoprenoic acid,partially hydrolyzed polyacrylonitile and optional olefinic acid monomerderivatives that are homologs of these olefinic carboxylic acidmonomers. The organic polymer may include units of the foregoingolefinic carboxylic acid monomers and in addition may include one ormore monomeric units of esters of olefinic carboxylic acid monomerswherein the esterifying alcohol is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylmonoalcohol or diol of 1 to 12 carbons for the linear alkyl group (2 to12 carbons for the diol), 3 to 12 carbons for the branched alkyl groupand 3 to 12 carbons for the cyclic alkyl group, amides of said olefiniccarboxylic acid monomers. N-alkyl amides of the olefinic carboxylic acidmonomers wherein the alkyl group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkylgroup as described for the monoalcohol, N-aminoalkyl amides of theolefinic carboxylic acid monomers wherein the amidating amine is alinear, branched or cyclic alkyl diamine with 2 to 12 carbons in thelinear alkyl group, 3 to 12 carbons in the branched alkyl group and 3 to12 carbons in the cyclic alkyl group. Neutral olefinic monomersincluding those of the formula: HR′C═CHR² or HR′C═CH—CR³═CHR⁴ whereinR¹, R², R3 and R⁴ are each independently selected from hydrogen, linearalkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, branched alkyl of 3 to 6 carbons, cyclic alkylof 3 to 10 carbons, phenyl, phenyl substituted by methyl, ethyl, OH,CONH₂, COOH, —(CH₂)_(n)COOH, NO₂, CN, SO₃H, SONH₂, pyridyl, O₂CR′wherein R′ is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbons, vinyl and alkyl vinyl having 1 to3 carbons in the alkyl group.

Preferred embodiments of the hydrophilic monomer of the organic polymerinclude olefinic carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids selected from oneor more of (meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid, pentenoic acid, hexenoicacid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, glutaconic acid, itaconic acid,citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid or any combinationthereof. More preferred olefinic carboxylic acids include (meth)acrylicacid, crotonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid anditaconic acid. Most preferred olefinic carboxylic acids include(meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid.Especially preferred olefinic carboxylic acids include (meth)acrylicacid and crotonic acid.

Additional preferred embodiments of the hydrophilic monomer of theorganic polymer alone or in combination with preferred olefiniccarboxylic and sulfonic acids include the preferred hydroxyalkyl estersof the foregoing preferred acids esterified with a C2-C6 diol includingethylene diol, propylene diol, butylene diol, pentylene diol orcyclohexane diol aminoethanol, aminopropanol and aminobutanol.Especially preferred hydroxyalkyl esters include the more preferredolefinic carboxylic acids esterified with any of these C2-C6 diols. Morepreferred hydroxyalkyl esters include the most preferred olefiniccarboxylic acids with ethylene diol, propylene diol or butylene diol.

Additional preferred embodiments of the hydrophilic monomer of theorganic polymer alone or in combination with the preferred olefiniccarboxylic and sulfonic acids or in combination with the preferredhydroxyalkyl esters or in combination with the preferred carboxylic andsulfonic acids and the preferred hydroxyalkyl esters includes theaminoalkyl esters of the preferred olefinic carboxylic and sulfonicacids esterified with a C2 C4 amino alcohol including amino ethanol,amino propanol and aminobutanol. More preferred aminoalkyl estersinclude the more preferred olefinic carboxylic acids esterified withamino ethanol or amino propanol.

Additional preferred embodiments of the hydrophilic monomer of theorganic polymer alone or in combination with preferred olefiniccarboxylic and sulfonic acids, or in combination with the preferredhydroxyalkyl esters or in combination with the preferred amino alkylesters and with any combination thereof include the mercapto alky estersof the preferred olefinic carboxylic and sulfonic acids. The preferredmercapto alcohols for these esters include mercaptoethanol,mercaptopropanol and mercaptobutanol. More preferred mercaptoalkylesters include the more preferred olefinic carboxylic acids esterifiedwith mercaptoethanol.

Additional preferred embodiments of the hydrophilic monomer of theorganic polymer alone or in combination with preferred olefiniccarboxylic and sulfonic acids, or in combination with the preferredhydroxyalkyl esters or in combination with the preferred amino alkylesters, or in combination with the preferred mercaptoalkyl esters andwith any combination thereof include polar olefinic monomers selectedfrom p-hydroxystyrene, styrene-p-carboxylic acid, o,p-dihydroxystyrene,styrene-p-sulfonic acid and any combination thereof.

Preferred embodiments of the hydrophobic monomer of the organic polymerinclude the alkyl esters wherein the preferred olefinic carboxylic andsulfonic acids are esterified with a C1 to C8 alcohol includingmethanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, pentanol,isopentanol, hexanol, isohexanol, ethylhexanol, cyclohexyl alcohol. Morepreferred alkyl esters include the more preferred olefinic carboxylicacids esterified with ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylhexanol orcyclohexyl alcohol. Most preferred alkyl esters include the mostpreferred olefinic carboxylic acids esterified with ethanol, butanol,ethylhexanol or cyclohexyl alcohol.

Additional preferred embodiments of the hydrophobic monomer of theorganic polymer include non-polar olefin monomers selected from styrene,methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, propylstyrene, butadiene,1-phenylbutadiene, isoprene or any combination thereof.

Preferred combinations of the recited species of the hydrophilic monomerand the hydrophobic monomer of the foregoing preferences include anycombination of the recited preferred non-polar olefinic monomers, therecited preferred polar olefinic monomers, the recited preferred alkylesters, the recited preferred hydroxyalkyl esters, the recited preferredaminoalkyl esters, the recited preferred mercapto alkyl esters and thepreferred olefinic carboxylic and sulfonic acids. The choice of anycombination of these species means selection of the first species of thepreferred list of olefinic carboxylic and sulfonic acids, selection ofthe first species of the preferred list of hydroxy alkyl esters,selection of the first species of the preferred list of amino alkylesters, selection of the first species of the preferred list of mercaptoalkyl esters, selection of the first species of the preferred list ofpreferred polar olefinic monomers and selection of the first species ofthe preferred list of non-polar olefinic monomers and combining any twoof the selections, any three of the selections, any four of theselections, any five of the selections or combining all six of theselections according to the parameters indicating the amounts ofhydrophilic monomer and hydrophobic monomer are to be present in theorganic polymer. The choice may also be made in a similar fashion bychoosing any species from any preferred list and combining it with anyspecies of any other list or multiple lists to provide all combinationsof selections.

The organic polymer embodiments generally may have an acid value rangingfrom zero or 0.01 to about 700, preferably about 1 to about 500, morepreferably 2 to 250, most preferably 7-90 with typical acid numbersbelow approximately 100. Typical hydroxyl content may averageapproximately 1 to 20 wt % or may be approximately 5-10 wt %. Theorganic polymer may have a weight average molecular weight in the rangeof about 2 KDa to about 2 MDa, preferably about 2 KDa to about 100 KDa,more preferably about 2 KDa to about 25 KDa. The organic polymer mayhave a glass transition temperature of from about −125° C. to about −40°C.

The organic polymer may be constructed with random distribution of thedifferent monomer units along the polymer backbone or may be blockcopolymers which has blocks of single monomer units or may be a graftcopolymer which has one monomer unit forming the polymer backbone and adifferent monomer unit forming polymeric side chains. The differentconstructions of polymer provide differing polymer to polymer bindingproperties and different macromolecular characteristics. The blockcopolymer can provide regions of hard and soft polymer characteristics.A block copolymer can display crystalline regions and amorphous regionsthat can enable development of water soluble and water resistantregions. Blocks of differing electronic and lipophilic character canimpart an open repulsive character to the polymer so that tightly fitinter-structures are minimized. A grafted polymer or segmented polymerare capable of intertwined conformation and compact molecular dimensionso as to enable tightly fitted inter-structures.

Additional organic polymer embodiments may comprise one or more monomerunit(s) comprising one or more functional group(s) selected from thegroup consisting of sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphate,phosphonate groups and mixtures thereof as substitutes for the olefiniccarboxylic acids of the hydrophilic monomer of the organic polymer.These monomer units may be combined with the other hydrophilic monomersand with the hydrophobic monomers described above to form additionalembodiments of the organic polymer. The functional group(s) maypreferably be selected from the group consisting of sulfate, sulfonate,carboxylate groups and mixtures thereof. Additionally, anionic polymersof such monomeric units may be combined with the organic polymerembodiments described above to form a mixture of anionic polymer andorganic polymer.

The polymeric portions of these substitutes for the acidic hydrophilicunits constitute monomers from anionic polymers selected from the groupconsisting of polystyrene sulfonate salts, λ-carrageenan salts, dextransulfate salts, polyacrylic acid salts, poly(methacrylic acid) salts,alginic acid salts, carboxymethylcellulose salts, polystyrenesulfonate/polystyrene copolymer salts, copolymers thereof and mixturesthereof. The salts may be sodium salts.

Examples of the anionic polymer(s) from which such substitute acidicmonomers may be selected may be but are not limited to embodimentsincluding:

-   -   a) Polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) sodium salt of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 50 to 20,000,        alternatively from 150 to 500;    -   b) Co-polymer of polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) sodium salt and        poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) of the formula:

-   -   in which n and m are integers representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n+m ranges from 50 to 20,000,        alternatively from 150 to 2500;    -   c) λ-Carrageenan;    -   d) Dextran sulfate sodium salt;    -   e) Polyacrylic acid (PAA) of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 50 to 20,000,        alternatively from 150 to 5000;    -   f) Alginic acid sodium salt;    -   g) Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt of the formula:

-   -   in which: R is H or (CH₂)₂COONa and n is an integer representing        the degree of polymerization; copolymers thereof and mixtures        thereof.

These polymers and copolymer embodiment examples as well as thecorresponding monomeric units may be random or block copolymers incombination with the hydrophobic monomers and hydrophilic monomersdescribed above for the organic polymer except that these monomericunits may alternatively be substitutes for the olefinic carboxylic acidsof the hydrophilic monomers of the organic polymer.

The Second Component

Embodiments of the second may combine with embodiments of the firstcomponent of the bicomponent composition to interact together (e.g.,blend, combine, unite together as one) into a colored coating on treatedmaterial that displays significant remanence. Embodiments of thesubstantive feature of the second component are the base compound.Embodiments of the base compound incorporate amine groups into and ontoan organic or silicone core or chain. The base compound preferably has aweight average molecular weight of about 150 Da to about 1 MDa. When thebase compound is a polymer, preferably about 400 Da to about 500 KDa,more preferably about 400 Da to about 250 KDa, most preferably about 2KDa to about 100 KDa.

Embodiments of the base compound as an organic core with amine groupsmay be one or more amine polymer(s). The amine polymer(s) may compriseone or more amino functional group(s) per polymer chain, wherein theamino functional group(s) are selected from the group consisting ofprimary, secondary, tertiary amino functional groups and mixturesthereof, preferably from the group consisting of secondary, tertiaryamino functional groups and mixtures thereof.

Embodiments of the base compound may be selected from the groupconsisting of polyethyleneimine, polyallylamine hydrochloride,polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, polyvinylamine,aminopolysaccharide, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof. Thecationic polymer(s) may preferably be selected from the group consistingof polyethyleneimine, aminosilicone, polydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.

Additional embodiments of the base compound include polymers withcarboxylate groups, sulfonate groups, carbamate groups and mercaptangroups. Exemplary base compounds include polymercaptan compounds such astri-(mercaptoethylenyl) methane, di, tri and poly sulfonate compoundssuch as tri-(sulfoethylenyl) methane, di, tri and poly carboxylatecompounds such as adipic acid, citric acid and polyacrylic acid, andcarbamate compounds such as tri-(methylcarbamoylethylenyl) methane.

Preferred base compounds are those carrying amine functionality. Theseembodiments of the base compound may be linear or branched and/or may berandom or block copolymers.

As amine polymer(s) such as the embodiments of the base compounddescribed above, exemplary selections include:

-   -   a) Linear polyethyleneimine of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 5 to 25,000, alternatively        from 11 to 2,500;    -   b) Branched polyethyleneimine consisting of primary, secondary        and tertiary amine groups of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 2 to 4,000, alternatively        from 5 to 500;    -   c) Polyallylamine hydrochloride of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 50 to 20,000,        alternatively from 5 to 1250;    -   d) Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride of the formula:

-   -   in which n is an integer representing the degree of        polymerization, wherein n ranges from 10 to 20,000,        alternatively from 150 to 4,000;        -   copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.

These embodiments of the base compound, e.g., the amine polymer(s) mayhave a charge density when fully protonated of at least 0.3, preferablyat least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably atleast 1.0 positive charges per monomer unit.

Embodiments of the base compound may also be amino silicone compounds.Embodiments of the amino silicone polymer base compound may comprise anysilicone polymer chain that incorporates amine functional groups intothe silicone polymer. The amino silicone compounds may also beaminosiloxane compounds or oligomers and aminosilane compounds.

A preferred silicone polymer is one having amine functional groups(hereinafter an aminosilicone polymer). The molar ratio of siloxanemonomeric units with at least one pendant organic amine group(hereinafter SiA moieties) to siloxane monomeric units having siliconbonded to a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl (C1to C6) (hereinafter SiC moieties) is in the range of from about 1:1000to 1:10 (ratio of SiA units to SiC units), preferably 1:1000 to 1:25,more preferably 1:600 to 1:50, most preferably 1:400 to 1:75 or 1:300 to1:200. An SiA moiety may contain more than one amine group in which caseit counts as just one SiA moiety. An SiC moiety may contain any numberof other pendant groups as long as a primary, secondary, tertiary orquaternary amine group is not present. The aminosilicone polymer mayhave a weight average molecular weight ranged from about 10 kDa to about150 kDa, preferably about 18 kDa to about 130 kDa, more preferably about22 kDa to about 120 kDa.

The amine functional groups of the aminosilicone polymer may be primary,secondary, tertiary amine groups or quaternary ammonium groups or anycombination thereof. The secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine groupsmay be substituted by alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbons, such as methyl,ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl or any combination thereof. Theamine functional groups may be organic pendant groups wherein the aminegroup terminates the end of the organic group. The pendant organic aminegroup is bonded to the silicone backbone by a carbon to silicon bondbetween the organic group and a siloxane monomeric unit as —O—Si(R′)₂—O—wherein each R′ is independently selected from a pendant organic aminegroup and an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbons and at least one R′ group isa pendant organic amine group. The organic amine group may be a linearalkyl group of 1 to 16 carbons or a branched or cyclic alkyl group of 3to 16 carbons. The alkyl group may contain one or more heteroatomsand/or hetero-groups in the chain including such groups as —NH—, —O—,—S—, —CONH— or —NHCO—, —SO₂NH— or —NHSO₂—. Typical pendant amine groupsinclude such arrangements as:

-   -   (CH₂)₃—NH—(CH₂)₃NH₂, —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—CH₂—NH—(CH₂)₃NH₂    -   (CH₂)₃—CONH—(CH₂)₃NH₂, —(CH₂)₃—NHCO—(CH₂)₃NH₂ and    -   single amine groups such as —(CH₂)_(n)—NH₂ wherein n is 2 to 6,        preferably 3 or 4 or branched chain versions thereof such as        —CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—NH₂, —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—CH₂—NH₂.

The amine group or groups may be pendant to the silicone chain atuniform or random locations along and within the silicone chain. Theamine functional group may also terminate the ends of the silicone chainbut an aminosilcone polymer having terminal amine groups preferably willalso have pendant amine groups along the silicone chain. If theaminosilicone polymer contains only terminal amine groups, its weightaverage molecular weight preferably will be low so that its SiA:SiCratio will conform to the foregoing values.

The silicone chain of the aminosilicone polymer may be linear, branchedor crosslinked. In addition to the SiA and SiC moieties, aminosiliconemay also include any one or more of MDTQ groups of the formulas A, B, Cand D wherein R is a methyl group:

-   -   A) —O(R)₂Si—O— (known as a D siloxane unit)    -   B) —O(R)SI(—O—)₂ or —O—Si(—O—)₂—O— (known as T siloxane unit and        Q sesquisilicate unit respectively)

C) (R)₃SI—O— (known as M siloxane unit).

For this embodiment of the aminosilicone polymer component of the basecompound the A), B), C) and D) groups constitute together the SiCmoieties defined above. The A) group provides a linear silicone chainlink, the B) group provides a branched or crosslinked silicone chainlink, the C and D groups provide a silicone chain termination. Thedistribution of the SiA moiety and the A), B), C), and D) groups of theSiC moiety follows ordered or random arrangement and the SiA to SiCratios and weight average molecular weight ranges given above.Relationships and Preferences for the Components

An especially preferred embodiment of the organic polymer includes anorganic polymer comprising the hydrophilic monomer as (meth)acrylic acidand hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, the hydrophobicmonomer as methyl or ethyl (meth)acrylate, and no olefin monomer such asstyrene or detectable or moderate amount of olefin. An additionalespecially preferred embodiment of the organic polymer includes anorganic polymer comprising the hydrophilic monomer as crotonic acid,hydroxyethyl crotonate or hydroxypropyl crotonate; the hydrophobicmonomer as methyl or ethyl crotonate, and the no olefin monomer such asstyrene or a detectable amount or a moderate amount of the olefin.

Additional preferred organic polymers include those constructed ofmonomeric units of alkyl (meth)acrylate or alkyl crotonate or acombination thereof with the alkyl group being 1 to 3 carbons;hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate or hydroxyalkyl crotonate or a combinationthereof with the alkyl group being 1 to 3 carbons; (meth)acrylic acid orcrotonic acid or any combination thereof; and optional styrene. Thepreferred embodiment of the base compound is polyethylene imine.

An especially preferred embodiment of the first and second componentsincorporates an organic polymer comprising monomeric units of alkyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylic acidwherein the hydroxyl content ranges from 1 wt % to about 20 wt % with apreference of from 2 wt % to about 5 wt % and a typical weight percentof about 3.3 wt %. The acid number may be 7-90 with a typical acidnumber below approximately 100. The especially preferred embodiment alsoincorporates a pretreatment base compound of polyethylene imine.

An especially most preferred embodiment of the combination of the firstand second components of the bicomponent composition includes theorganic polymer as a copolymer of ethyl (meth)acrylate, C2-C6hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate and about 0.1 to about 5 wt % of(meth)acrylic acid relative to the weight of the organic polymer and thebase compound as polyethyleneimine.

The first and second components of these preferred embodiments includemedium and either or both of the first and second components includepigment microparticles.

The organic polymer of this highly preferred embodiment comprises anorganic polymer of the combination of hydrophobic monomers andhydrophilic monomers. The hydrophobic monomer comprises a C1-C24 alkyllinear or branched (meth)acrylate monomer or a C1-C24 alkyl linear orbranched crotonate monomer or a combination thereof and optionalstyrene. The styrene may be absent or may be present up to a moderateamount such as up to 20 wt % or up to 50 wt % relative to the totalweight of the organic copolymer. The hydrophilic monomer comprises anolefinic acid selected from (meth)acrylic acid or crotonic acid or acombination thereof, and a hydroxyalkyl olefinic ester selected fromhydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or crotonate or anycombination thereof. A preferable arrangement of this organic polymercomprises ethyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and(meth)acrylic acid with optional styrene which may be absent or whenpresent may be present at a weight percentage relative to the totalweight of the organic polymer of from zero up to about 30 wt %. TheM_(w) of the organic polymer may be in the range of about 2 KDa to about25 KDa. The acid number of the organic polymer is in a range of about 3to about 150. The hydroxyalkyl olefinic ester portion of the organiccopolymer is in a range of about 1-15 wt % preferably about 3 to 8 wt %relative to the total weight of the organic copolymer.

The base compound of this highly preferred embodiment ispolyethyleneimine at a concentration of 0.1-5% in an aqueous mediumrelative to the total weight of the combination of the base compound andthe medium. The base compound is arranged to be applied to the treatedmaterial as a pretreatment before application of the first component.

The medium for the organic polymer of this highly preferred embodimentis water. The pretreatment base compound is neat and is combined withthe first component immediately before use. The weight percentage of theorganic polymer and the pretreatment base compound is between 1-10 wt. %of the combined first and second components including the medium andpigment.

Viscosity, Composition Concentrations

The viscosity of the composition functions to hold the composition withpigment microparticles in place on the treated material while thecoating is formed. The viscosity substantially avoids free translationalflow of the composition. Free translation flow would cause thecomposition to rapidly run and drip off the surfaces of the hairstrands. Nevertheless, the viscosity is not so high that it will notundergo self-leveling to substantially uniformly coat the treatedmaterial. Appropriate viscosity of the composition is the result of theinteraction of the organic polymer, the base compound, theirconcentrations, the pigment microparticles, and as appropriate, anoptional viscosity control agent, an optional suspending agent and anoptional thickening agent. Generally, the viscosity of the compositionmay range from about 0.001 to about 2000 Pa s⁻¹. Viscosity measurementsare carried out on a controlled stress rheometer e.g. Using an AR2000type manufactured by TA Instruments, or equivalent instrument. A 6 cmflat acrylic cross hatched parallel plate geometry (TA item 518600.901)and a stainless steel cross hatched base plate (TA item 570011.001) areused. The rheometer is prepared for flow measurements as per standardmanufacturer procedure. The parallel plate geometry gap is set to 1000microns. The flow procedure is programmed to the rheometer with thefollowing conditions: continuous stress ramp 0.1-300 Pa over 2 minutesat 25° C., including 250 measurement points in linear mode. The productis loaded into the geometry as per standard procedure and themeasurement commences at 5 min after the mixture preparation. Shearstress value at 10 sec⁻¹ shear rate is obtained from the shear stressvs. shear rate curve, and the corresponding viscosity is calculated bydividing the obtained shear stress by 10.

The concentration of the organic polymer in the composition may rangefrom about 2% to about 30%, preferably about 4% to about 25%, morepreferably about 6% to about 20%, most preferably about 8% to about 15%by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. Specificconcentrations include about 2%, about 4%, about 6%, about 8%, about10%, about 12%, about 14%, about 16%, about 18%, about 20%, about 22%about 24% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. Thedetermination of the concentration for embodiments of the organicpolymer and pretreatment base compound will depend in part upon theresulting viscosity, the saturation point of the organic polymer in themedium. As discussed above, the viscosity is managed so that thecomposition will not run off the surfaces of strands of hair yet willlevel and flow to substantially coat those surfaces. Development ofappropriate viscosity in part by management of the concentration of theorganic polymer can be experimentally determined by routine methods suchas formulation of several samples of differing concentrations of polymerin the composition, coating those samples on a hair tress and observingthe flow, spread and leveling of the composition on the hair strands.The product can be applied to a treated material such as a hair tressusing the coloring procedure described herein afterwards. The top of thehair strand, where it is glued together is clamped in a stand such thatthe hair is aligned vertically downwards. After a 5 minute dwell time itis observed if any and how much product has dripped from the hair tress.The results obtained from the several samples can be plotted againstflow time and leveling time to determine an appropriate concentration orrange of concentrations of the organic polymer in the composition.

The glass transition temperatures of the organic polymer and thepretreatment base compound in part contribute to the flexibility,strength, hardness and similar qualities of the coating on the treatedmaterial surfaces. The glass transition temperature of these embodimentsmay range in degrees Celsius from about −125° C. to about 90° C. Thisglass transition temperature or T_(g) determines the solid-solidtransition of the polymer from a hard glassy material to a soft rubberymaterial. If the T_(g) of the polymer is too high, the coating on thetreated material will be stiff and inflexible. This is an undesirableresult. The coating should be soft, flexible and unnoticeable to touchand sight yet should not flake, break-up or otherwise release from thekeratin fiber, and especially from human hair, when stroked by a hand orbrushed with a brush. The Tg of a polymer can be measured using ASTMD7426-08 (2008).

Examples of the organic polymer and base compound of the bicomponentcomposition according to the present invention include Cationic AcrylatePolymers useful as organic polymers include, for example; ttopol KX-10;Ottopol KX-99; Ottopol KX-101 from Gellner Industrial; RayCat® 65124Specialty Polymers; FIOWLEN DOPA-15B; FIOWLEN DOPA-15 BHFS; FIOWLENDOPA-17 HF; FIOWLEN DOPA-22; FIOWLEN DOPA-35 from Kyoeisha Chemical;MyCroFence AM 215 from Croda; WorléeCryl® 8721 from Worlée. Acrylatepolymers useful as organic polymers and precursor organic polymers towhich can be added at least two first functional groups such ashydroxyl, amine, mercapto and/or carboxyl include:

-   -   Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate/Steareth-30 Methacrylate        Copolymer    -   Acrylates/C5-8 Alkyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/C12-22 Alkyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Ceteth-20 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/C26-28 Olefin Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Lauryl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Methoxyethyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Laureth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Lauryl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Methoxy PEG-4 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Methoxy PEG-15 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Methoxy PEG-23 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Palmeth-25 Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Steareth-30 Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Stearyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylic Acid/C12-22 Alkyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Acrylic Acid/Stearyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Ammonium Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Ammonium Acrylates/Methyl Styrene/Styrene Copolymer    -   Ammonium Styrene/Acrylates/EthylhexylAcrylate/Lauryl Acrylate        Copolymer    -   Behenyl Methacrylate/t-Butyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Butyl Acrylate/Cyclohexyl Methacrylate Copolymer a copolymer of        butyl    -   acrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate film formers NR    -   Butyl Acrylate/Ethylhexyl Methacrylate Copolymer a copolymer of        butyl    -   acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate monomers film formers;    -   Butyl Acrylate/Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Butyl Methacrylate/Acryoyloxy PG Methacrylate Copolymer    -   C12-22 Alkyl Acrylate/Hydroxyethylacrylate Copolymer    -   Cyclohexyl Methacrylate/Ethylhexyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Ethylhexyl Acrylate/Methoxy PEG-23 Methacrylate/Vinyl Acetate        Copolymer    -   Ethylhexyl Acrylate/Methyl Methacrylate Copolymer    -   Glyceryl Acrylate/Acrylic Acid Copolymer    -   Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Methoxyethyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Methoxy PEG-23 Methacrylate/Glyceryl Diisostearate Methacrylate        Copolymer    -   Poly C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate    -   Potassium Acrylates Copolymer    -   Potassium Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Sodium Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate Copolymer    -   Sodium Acrylate/Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer    -   Acrylates/Ceteareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Ceteareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer-2    -   Acrylates Crosspolymer-3    -   Acrylates Crosspolymer-4    -   Acrylates Crosspolymer-5    -   Acrylates/Lauryl Methacrylate/Tridecyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Methoxy PEG-90 Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/VA Crosspolymer    -   Lauryl Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Lauryl Acrylate/VA Crosspolymer    -   Methyl Methacrylate/PEG/PPG-4/3 Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Polyacrylate-1 Crosspolymer    -   Potassium Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Sodium Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Poly(Methoxy PEG-9 Methacrylate)    -   Polybutyl Acrylate    -   Polybutyl Methacrylate    -   Polyethylacrylate    -   Polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate    -   Polyisobutyl Methacrylate    -   Polymethyl Acrylate    -   Polypropyl Methacrylate    -   Polystearyl Methacrylate    -   Sodium Polymethacrylate    -   Acrylates/C10-30Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/C12-13 Alkyl Methacrylates/Methoxyethyl Acrylate        Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Ethylhexyl Acrylate/Glycidyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/PEG-4 Dimethacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Steareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Vinyl Isodecanoate Crosspolymer    -   Acrylates/Vinyl Neodecanoate Crosspolymer    -   Allyl Methacrylate/GlycolDimethacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Allyl Methacrylates Crosspolymer    -   Butyl Acrylate/Glycol Dimethacrylate Crosspolymer    -   C8-22 Alkyl Acrylates/Methacrylic Acid Crosspolymer    -   Glycol Dimethacrylate/Vinyl Alcohol Crosspolymer    -   Lauryl Methacrylate/Glycol Dimethacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Lauryl Methacrylate/Sodium Methacrylate Crosspolymer    -   Methacrylic Acid/PEG-6 Methacrylate/PEG-6 Dimethacrylate        Crosspolymer    -   PEG/PPG-5/2 Methacrylate/Methacrylic Acid Crosspolymer    -   Potassium Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Sodium Acrylates Crosspolymer-2    -   Sodium Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer    -   Sodium Acrylates/Vinyl Isodecanoate Crosspolymer    -   Stearyl/Lauryl Methacrylate Crosspolymer        B. Plasticizer

If the glass transition temperature of the bicomponent compositionand/or the substantive ingredients of the first and second componentsrare too high for the desired use yet the other properties of thepolymer are appropriate, such as but not limited to color and washfastness, one or more plasticizers can be combined with the bicomponentcomposition embodiments so as to lower the T_(g) of the organic polymerand provide the appropriate feel and visual properties to the coating.The plasticizer can be incorporated directly in the coloring compositionor can be applied to the hair before or after the coloring composition.The plasticizer can be chosen from the plasticizers usually used in thefield of application.

The plasticizer or plasticizers can have a molecular mass of less thanor equal to 5,000 g/mol, such as less than or equal to 2,000 g/mol, forexample less than or equal to 1,000 g/mol, such as less than or equal to900 g/mol. In at least one embodiment, the plasticizer, for example, hasa molecular mass of greater than or equal to 40 g/mol.

Thus, the bicomponent composition can also comprise at least oneplasticizer. For example, non-limiting mention can be made, alone or asa mixture, of common plasticizers such as: glycols and derivativesthereof, silicones, silicone polyethers, polyesterpolyols; adipic acidesters (such as diisodecyladipate), trimellitic acid esters, sebacicacid esters, azalaeic acid esters; nonlimiting examples of glycolderivatives are diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methylether, diethylene glycol butyl ether or diethylene glycol hexyl ether,ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, or ethyleneglycol hexyl ether; polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols,polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol copolymers, and mixturesthereof, such as high molecular weight polypropylene glycols, forexample having a molecular mass ranging from 500 to 15,000, for instanceglycol esters; propylene glycol derivatives such as propylene glycolphenyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, dipropylene glycol ethylether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether,and dipropylene glycol butyl ether. Such compounds are sold by DowChemical under the names DOWANOL PPH and DOWANOL DPnB; acid esters, forexample esters of carboxylic acids, such as triacids, citrates,phthalates, adipates, carbonates, tartrates, phosphates, and sebacates;esters derived from the reaction of a monocarboxylic acid of formulaR₁₁COOH with a diol of formula HOR₁₂OH in which R₁₁ and R₁₂, which canbe identical or different, are chosen from a linear, branched or cyclic,saturated, or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain containing, forexample, from 3 to 15 carbon atoms for example the monoesters resultingfrom the reaction of isobutyric acid and octanediol such as2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, such as the product sold under thereference TEXANOL ESTER ALCOHOL by the company Eastman Chemical;oxyethylenated derivatives, such as oxyethylenated oils, such as plantoils, such as castor oil; mixtures thereof.

Among the esters of tricarboxylic acids mention can be made of theesters of triacids wherein the triacid corresponds to formula

wherein R is a group —H, —OH or —OCOR′ wherein R′ is an alkyl groupcontaining from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, R can be a group—OCOCH₃. The esterifying alcohol for such tricarboxylic acids may bethose described above for the monocarboxylic acid esters.

The plasticizer can be present in the composition of the presentdisclosure in an amount from about 0.01% to 20%.

C. Medium

The medium of the bicomponent composition embodiments of the inventionmay be water alone, water in mixture with a volatile polar protic oraprotic organic solvent, or a non-aqueous solvent or a mixture ofnon-aqueous solvents with polar protic or aprotic polar organic solvent.In general, the medium is any solvent suitable for dispersing theorganic polymer, the pretreatment base compound and the base compound ofthe embodiments of the bicomponent composition described herein. Inaddition to water present in the medium, a volatile solvent may bepresent including a volatile polar protic or aprotic organic solvent, ormixtures thereof. Volatile organic solvents of which non-limitingmention may be made include: volatile pyrolidones1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one, volatile C₁-C₄ alkanols such as methanol,ethanol or isopropanol; esters of liquid C₂C₆ acids and of volatileC₁-C₈ alcohols such as methyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate,propyl acetate, isopentyl acetate, or ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate; ketonesthat are liquid at room temperature and volatile, such as methyl ethylketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isophorone,cyclohexanone, or acetone; volatile polyols such as ethylene glycol andpropylene glycol.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, theorganic solvent is chosen from ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, andisododecane.

The medium with or without one or more volatile organic solvent may bepresent in the composition according to the present disclosure in anamount ranging from about 0.1% to about 95% by weight, such as fromabout 1% to about 70% by weight, for example ranging from 5% to 90% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition.

According to an embodiment, the medium is an aqueous medium.

D. Pigments

The color composition embodiments of the present invention make itpossible to obtain colored and remnant coatings, without substantiallyaltering the keratin fibers. As used herein, the term “pigment”generally refers to any particle colorant having or containing pigmentmaterial that gives hair fibers color including black and white, such astitanium dioxide that give only white to hair fibers. The pigments aresubstantially water-insoluble. The pigments, to distinguish from dyespresented in molecular from, are also referred to as pigmentmicroparticles or pigment particles. The terms pigment microparticlesand pigment particles are synonymous and are used hereininterchangeably. The pigments can be organic, inorganic, or acombination of both. The pigments may be in pure form or coated, forexample with a polymer or a dispersant.

Selections, multiple kinds and varying forms of the pigmentmicroparticles as described in the following passages can beincorporated in any of the first and second components of thebicomponent composition, or can be incorporated in any two of thesecomponents or in all three. Preferably, pigment microparticles can beincorporated in either or both of the first and second components. Morepreferably, pigment particles can be incorporated in the firstcomponent.

The at least one pigment that can be used can be chosen from the organicand/or mineral pigments known in the art, such as those described inKirk-Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology and in Ullmann'sEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. The pigments comprised in themicroparticles comprising at least one pigment will not substantiallydiffuse or dissolve into keratin fibers. Instead, the pigment comprisedin the microparticles comprising at least one pigment will substantiallyremain separate from but attached to the keratin fibers.

The at least one pigment can be in the form of powder or of pigmentarypaste. It can be coated or uncoated. The at least one pigment can bechosen, for example, from mineral pigments, organic pigments, elementalmetal and their oxides, and other metal modifications, lakes, pigmentswith special effects such as nacres or glitter flakes, and mixturesthereof.

Pigment Shape

The pigment microparticles can have any suitable shape, includingsubstantially spherical. But the pigment microparticles can also beoval, elliptical, tubular, irregular, etc., or even combinations ofvarious shapes. In addition, the pigment microparticles can have twodimensions, length and width/diameter, of similar magnitude. Inaddition, the pigment microparticles can be micro platelets, i.e. havinga thickness that is substantially smaller than the planar dimension. Forexample, five, ten or even 20 times smaller in thickness than in theplaner dimension. In one embodiment with any of the reactive componentsof the instant invention, the pigments may be surface treated, surfacecoated or encapsulated.

In a particular aspect, the pigment microparticles can have a shapeapproximating that of a sphere, in which case the microparticles arereferred to as being microspheres. Pigment microparticles which can bedescribed as microspheres are understood as particles having an aspectratio, defined as a function of the largest diameter, or largestdimension, dmax and the smallest diameter, or smallest dimension, dmin,which can be orthogonal to each other: AR=dmax/dmin which is from about1:1 to 10:1, preferably from 1:1 to 5:1, more preferably from 1:1 to4:1, such as from 1:1 to 3:1. More particularly, the expression“spherical-type” means that the pigment microparticles have a shapeapproximating that of a sphere. In other words, the pigmentmicroparticles can be nearly orbicular in shape and can have across-sectional geometry that is essentially circular. Although notexcluded, this does not necessarily mean that the pigment microparticleshave the shape of a perfect sphere or ball. More likely, the shape ofthe pigment microparticles can exhibit a certain deviation from a sphereas long as the skilled person considers the shape as being similar to asphere or as an approximation of a sphere.

In addition, the pigment microparticles can have a rathertwo-dimensional shape, with the smallest dimension substantially smallerthan the two other dimensions, in which case the microparticles arereferred to as being 2-dimensional microparticles. For example, thethickness of the microparticles can be significantly less than theirlength and width. The length and width can be of similar magnitude.Examples includes pigment microparticles having a shape of platelets,i.e. with a thickness that is substantially smaller than the planardimension. For example, the aspect ratio AR=dmax/dmin, as defined above,of microparticles having a substantially two-dimensional shape, can befrom about 10:1 to about 1000:1, preferably from about 10:1 to about800:1, preferably from about 20:1 to about 800:1, preferably from about10:1 to about 600:1, preferably from about 20:1 to about 600:1.Typically, the 2D-microparticles have a largest and a smallest dimensionin their planer dimension, which both are significantly larger than thesmallest dimension of the 2D-microparticles extending perpendicular tothe planer dimension.

According to an embodiment, the pigments can include pigmentmicroparticles of different shape. For example, microparticles ofdifferent size can be used to provide different reflecting and absorbingproperties. Microparticles having different shape can also be formed ofdifferent pigment material. Furthermore, microparticles having differentshape can also formed of different pigment material to provide differentcolor.

Pigment Size

The pigments can be present in the composition in undissolved form.Depending on the shape, the pigments can have a D50[vol] particlediameter of from 0.001 micron to 1 micron.

For example, pigments that can be described as being microspheres canhave a D50[vol] particle diameter of from 0.01 micron to 1 micron,preferably of from 0.015 micron to 0.75 micron, more preferably of from0.02 micron to 0.50 micron. The microspheres can also have a D50[vol]particle diameter of from 0.6 micron to 0.9 micron, preferably of from0.08 micron to 0.9 micron, and more preferably between of from 0.08micron to 0.9 micron, such as from 0.08 micron to 0.8 micron, or such asof from 0.8 micron to 0.6 micron. According to an embodiment, themicrospheres can also have a D50[vol] particle diameter of from 0.1micron to 1 micron, preferably of from 0.12 micron to 1 micron, and morepreferably between of from 0.16 micron to 1 micron, such as of from 0.2micron to 1 micron, or such as of from 0.08 micron to 0.4 micron. Theterms “micron” and “microns” describe the size in micrometers [μm].

In further embodiments, which can be combined with other embodimentsdescribed herein, the pigments, which can be described as microspheres,can have a D90[vol] particle diameter of from 0.1 micron to 1 micron,preferably of from 0.2 micron to 1 micron, and more preferably betweenof from 0.3 micron to 1 micron, such as of from 0.3 micron to 0.9micron, or such as of from 0.4 micron to 0.8 micron, or such as of from0.5 micron to 0.9 micron.

In some embodiments described herein, the pigments, which can bedescribed as microspheres, can have a D10[vol] particle diameter of from0.02 micron to 0.3 micron, preferably of from 0.06 micron to 0.3 micron,more preferably of from 0.08 micron to 0.3 micron, such as of from 0.08micron to 0.2 micron, or such as of from 0.1 micron to 0.2 micron, orsuch as 0.12 micron to 0.3 micron.

In embodiments described herein, the D10[vol] particle diameter can beof from 0.02 micron to 0.3 micron and the D90[vol] can be of from 0.3micron to 1 micron. In further embodiments, the D10[vol] particlediameter can be of from 0.06 micron to 0.2 micron and the D90[vol] canbe of from 0.4 micron to 1 micron.

The particle diameter is represented by D10, D50 and/or by D90, which isthe median diameter by volume. D10, D50 and D90 is measured with aMalvern Mastersizer 2000, which is a laser diffraction particle sizerand it is measured according to ISO 13320:2009(en) with Hydro 2000G orHydro 2000S where the dispersant is water or ethanol. Detection range isfrom 0.01 micron to 2000 micron. D50 is expressed as ×50 in ISO13320:2009(en).

The term “D10,” as used herein refers, to the 10th percentile number- orvolume-based median particle diameter, which is the diameter below which10% by number or volume of the particle population is found. The term“D50,” as used herein refers, to the 50th percentile number- orvolume-based median particle diameter, which is the diameter below which50% by number or volume of the particle population is found. The term“D90,” as used herein refers, to the 90th percentile number- orvolume-based median particle diameter, which is the diameter below which90% by number or volume of the particle population is found. The numberor volume measurement is indicated by [num] for number or [vol] forvolume. If not indicated otherwise, the particle size is given asD10[vol], D50[vol], and D90[vol], respectively.

Laser diffraction measures particle size distributions by measuring theangular variation in intensity of light scattered as a laser beam passesthrough a dispersed particulate sample analyzer and the particle size isreported as a volume equivalent sphere diameter. A discussion ofcalculating D50 is provided in Barber et al, Pharmaceutical Developmentand Technology, 3(2), 153-161 (1998), which is incorporated herein byreference. Pigment microparticles having a D50[vol] particle diameter ofless than 20 nm may enter the cuticles and are therefore difficult toremove. For scattering purposes, Pigment(s) having a D10[vol] particlediameter of at least 60 nm, or at least 80 nm can be used. Pigment(s)having a D50[vol] particle diameter of more than 1 micron typically donot sufficiently adhere onto hair fibers.

According to an embodiment, the particle size distribution, eitherrelative to the number or volume of the particles, of the pigmentmicroparticles can be at least bi-modal. A bi-modal particle sizedistribution has two distinct peaks which are spaced relative from,while tri-modal particle size distribution has three distinct peaks. Theterm “peak” means a local maximum of the distribution curve. The“distance” between two peaks, expressed relative to the particle size,can be at least 0.05 micron, preferably at least 0.1 micron, such as atleast 0.2 micron. Providing an at least bi-modal particle sizedistribution allows to tailor the optical appearance of the coloredhair. For example, the scattering properties varies with the particlesize so that particles of different size scatter the light intodifferent directions.

The at least bi-modal particle size distribution can be relative topigment microparticles formed by the same pigment material. In additionto that or alternatively, the at least bi-model particle sizedistribution can be provided by pigment microparticles of differentpigment material.

The size of pigment microparticles which can be described to have a2-dimensional shape, and which are referred to as 2-dimensionalmicroparticles can be determined by SEM. The size of 2-dimensionalmicroparticles can also be determined by laser diffraction measurements.The particle size determined by laser diffraction is a mean size of thedifferent dimensions of the 2-dimensional particles. The apparentD50[vol] particle diameter of 2-dimensional microparticles, as measuredby SEM, can be from 0.5 micron to 50 microns, more preferably from 0.8micron to 20 microns, more preferably from 1 micron to 15 microns, morepreferably from 1.5 micron to 10 microns.

According to an embodiment, pigment particles are referred to as beingmicrospheres can be used light-scattering and/or light absorbingpurposes. Those particles, due to their pigment material, impart thehair with a specific color.

According to an embodiment, pigment particles are referred to as being2-dimensional microparticles can be mainly used for light-reflectingand/or light absorbing purposes. Those particles, due to their pigmentmaterial, mainly reflect the light without significantly alter the colorof the light.

The pigment microparticles can be light absorbing, but which forwavelengths of visible light provide negligible to low or no scattering.While not wishing to bound by any specific theory, it is believed thatsuch pigments can provide more chromatic colors. Such pigmentmicroparticles can have a D50[vol] value between about 0.001 micron andabout 0.15 micron, between about 0.005 micron and about 0.1 micron orbetween about 0.010 micron and about 0.075 micron.

The pigment microparticles can be predominantly light scattering forwavelengths of visible light and provide low light absorption. While notwishing to bound by any specific theory, it is believed that suchpigments can provide the visual effect of lightening the hair. Suchpigment microparticles, which can be microspheres, can have a D50[vol]value between about 0.05 micron to about about 1 micron, between 0.08micron to about 0.9 micron, between about 0.05 micron and about 0.75micron, between about 0.1 micron and about 0.5 micron or about 0.15micron and about 0.4 micron. Such materials can have a refractive indexabove 1.5, above 1.7 or above 2.0.

Pigments made from metal and metal like materials which can conductelectricity, and which can absorb light and re-emit the light out of themetal to give the appearance of strong reflectance. While not wishing tobe bound by any specific theory, it is believed that the absorbed lightwill induce alternating electric currents on the metal surface, and thatthis currents immediately re-emit light out of the metal. Such pigmentmicroparticles can be platelets, e.g., having a thickness that issubstantially smaller than the planar dimension. For example about five,about 10 or even about 400 times smaller in thickness than in theplaner. Such platelets can have a planar dimension less than about 30nm, but with a thickness less than about 10 micron wide. This includes aratio of 10000 to 30, or 333. Platelets larger in size, such as 50microns are even available in this thickness of 10 microns, and so theratios can even go up to 2000.

The pigment microparticles can be a composite formed by two differenttypes of pigment microparticles. Examples include a composite of a2-dimensional microparticle and at least one micro spherical particle(microsphere), a composite of different micro spherical particles, and acomposite of different 2-dimensional particles. Composite particlesformed by 2-dimensional microparticles to which micro sphericalparticles adhere provide an attractive alternative to a pure mixture of2-dimensional microparticles and micro spherical particles. For example,a metallic 2-dimensional microparticle can carry one or more microspherical particle such as one or more organic micro spherical particle.The micro spherical particles attached or bonded to the 2-dimensionalmicroparticle can be formed of the same pigment material or can beformed of different pigment material. Composite microparticles formed of2-dimensional microparticles and micro spherical particles can providemultiple functionality in one particle such as (metallic) reflectanceand dielectric scattering, reflectance and absorption.

Pigment microparticles may be materials which are composite comprising acore of pigments made from metal and metal like materials which canconduct electricity, and which can absorb light and re-emit the lightout of the metal to give the appearance of strong reflectance. While notwishing to be bound by any specific theory, it is believed that theabsorbed light will induce alternating electric currents on the metalsurface, and that this currents immediately re-emit light out of themetal. Upon this pigment light absorbing microparticles is immobilized.Such pigment microparticles can be platelets, e.g., having a thicknessthat is substantially smaller than the planar dimension. For example,five, ten or even 20 times smaller in thickness than in the planer. Suchplatelets can have a planer dimension less than 15 microns, but with athickness less than 1 microns, more preferably with a planer dimensionless than 12 microns but with a thickness less than 750 nm, even morepreferably with a plan dimension less than 10 microns and a thicknessless than 0.5 micron. The light absorbing microparticles can have D50[vol] value between 0.001 micron and 0.15 micron, more preferablybetween 0.002 micron and 0.1 micron and even more preferable between0.005 micron and 0.075 micron.

The light absorbing microparticles may also include dyes, pigments, ormaterials with color centers in the crystal structure, or photonicstructures resulting in destructive or constructive interference,diffraction or other structures and materials mentioned in the book “ThePhysics and Chemistry of Color: the Fifteen Causes of Color”, 2^(nd)Edition by K.I. Nassau (ISBN 978-0-471-39106-7).

The pigment microparticles can be both light scattering and absorbingfor wavelengths of visible light. While not wishing to bound by anyspecific theory, it is believed that such pigments can provide both somevisual effect of lightening the hair. Such pigment microparticles canhave a D50[num] value between about 50 nm and about 750 nm, betweenabout 100 nm and about 500 nm or between about 150 nm and about 400 nm.Such materials have a refractive index above about 1.5, above about 1.7or above about 2.0.

According to an embodiment, different pigment microparticles arecombined to provide reflective, transmitting and refractive propertiesof the hair colored with the color composition described herein. Amicroparticle combination can be a material composite using at least twodifferent pigment materials to form the pigment microparticles. Inaddition to, or alternating to, the microparticle combination, a mixtureof separate pigment microparticles of different type can be used tobring about the desired reflective, transmitting and refractiveproperties.

The composite pigments, combination of pigments, and mixtures of pigmentmicroparticles eliminate, or at least significantly reduce, hairpenetration and scattering by light and thus eliminate the perception ofpigment of natural hair color change.

Pigment Concentration

The color composition for coloring hair fibers according to the presentdisclosure comprises microparticles comprising at least one pigment. Thecolor composition comprises from about 0.01% to about 40%, about 0.05%to about 35%, about 0.1 to about 25%, or about 0.15% and about 20%pigment(s), by weight of the color composition.

Pigment Material

The material of the pigment microparticles can be inorganic or organic.Inorganic-organic mixed pigments are also possible.

According to an embodiment, inorganic pigment(s) are used. The advantageof inorganic pigment(s) is their excellent resistance to light, weather,and temperature. The inorganic pigment(s) can be of natural origin, andare, for example, derived from material selected from the groupconsisting of chalk, ochre, umber, green earth, burnt sienna, andgraphite. The pigment(s) can preferably be white pigments, such as, forexample, titanium dioxide or zinc oxide. The pigment(s) can also becolored pigments, such as, for example, ultramarine or iron oxide red,luster pigments, metal effect pigments, pearlescent pigments, andfluorescent or phosphorescent pigments. The pigment(s) can be selectedfrom the group consisting of metal oxides, hydroxides and oxidehydrates, mixed phase pigments, sulfur-containing silicates, metalsulfides, complex metal cyanides, metal sulfates, chromates andmolybdates, alloys, and the metals themselves. The pigment(s) can beselected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide (CI 77891), blackiron oxide (CI 77499), yellow iron oxide (CI 77492), red and brown ironoxide (CI 77491), manganese violet (CI 77742), ultramarine (sodiumaluminum sulfosilicates, CI 77007, Pigment Blue 29), chromium oxidehydrate (CI 77289), Prussian blue (ferric ferrocyanide, CI 77510),carmine (cochineal), zinc sulfide, barium sulfate, zinc oxide,siliconised titanium dioxide, siliconised zinc sulfide, siliconised zincoxide, and mixtures thereof. The pigment(s) can be selected from thegroup consisting of iron oxide, titanium dioxide, mica, borosilicate,and combinations thereof. The pigment(s) can comprise an iron oxide(Fe₂O₃) pigment. The pigment(s) can comprise a combination of mica andtitanium dioxide.

The pigment(s) can be pearlescent and colored pigment(s), and canpreferably be based on mica which are coated with a metal oxide or ametal oxychloride, such as titanium dioxide or bismuth oxychloride, andoptionally further color-imparting substances, such as iron oxides,Prussian blue, ultramarine, and carmine. The color exhibited by apigment can be adjusted by varying the layer thickness. Such pigmentsare sold, for example, under the trade names Rona®, Colorona®,Dichrona®, RonaFlair®, Ronastar®, Xirona® and Timiron® all of which areavailable from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. For example, Xirona® is abrand for color travel pigments that display color shifting effectsdepending on the viewing angle and are based on either natural mica,SiO₂ or calcium aluminum borosilicate flakes, coated with varying layersof TiO₂. Pigment(s) from the line KTZ® from Kobo Products, Inc., 3474So. Clinton Ave., So. Plainfield, USA, are also useful herein, inparticular the Surface Treated KTZ® Pearlescent Pigments from Kobo.Particularly useful are KTZ® FINE WHITE (mica and TiO2) having a D50particle diameter of 5 to 25 micron and also KTZ® CELESTIAL LUSTER (micaand TiO2, 10 to 60 micron) as well as KTZ® CLASSIC WHITE (mica and TiO2,10 to 60 micron). Also useful are SynCrystal Sapphire from Eckart EffectPigments, which is a blue powder comprising platelets of syntheticfluorphlogopite coated with titanium dioxide, ferric ferrocyanide andsmall amounts of tin oxide. Also useful is SYNCRYSTAL Almond also fromEckart, which is a beige powder with a copper reflection color and iscomposed of platelets of synthetic fluorphlogopite and coated withtitanium dioxide and iron oxides. Also useful is Duocrome® RV 524C fromBASF, which provides a two color look via a lustrous red powder with aviolet reflection powder due to its composition of mica, titaniumdioxide and carmine. The colored pigment(s) can be lightly brightcolored pigment(s), and can particularly be white color variations.

The pigment(s) can be organic pigments. The at least one pigment can bean organic pigment. As used herein, the term “organic pigment” means anypigment that satisfies the definition in Ullmann's encyclopedia in thechapter on organic pigments. For instance, the at least one organicpigment can be chosen from nitroso, nitro, azo, xanthene, quinoline,anthraquinone, phthalocyanin, copper phthalocyanin, copperhexadecachlorophthalocyanine,2-[(2-Methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutyramide,metal-complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone,perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane,dimethylquinacridone and quinophthalone compounds, Azo-dyes, Nonionicazo dyes, Anionic Azo dyes, Cationic azo dyes, Complex forming azo dye,aza annulene dyes, aza analogue of diarylmethane dyes, aza annulenedyes, Nitro-dyes and their pigments, Carbonyl dyes and their pigments(for example, Anthrachinon dyes, indigo), Sulfur dyes, Florescence dyes,Anthracene or Insoluble alkali or earth metal acid dyes.

Or the pigment can be at least one of uncolored and UV absorbing.

The organic pigment(s) can be selected from the group consisting ofnatural pigments sepia, gamboge, bone charcoal, Cassel brown, indigo,chlorophyll and other plant pigments. The synthetic organic pigments canbe selected from the group consisting of azo pigments, anthraquinoids,indigoids, dioxazine, quinacridone, phthalocyanine, isoindolinone,perylene and perinone, metal complex, alkali blue, diketopyrrolopyrrolepigments, and combinations thereof. A particularly preferred pigment is7-Bis(1,3-dichloropropan-2-yl)benzo[lmn][3,8]phenanthrolin-1,3,6,8(2H,7H)-tetraon.

According to an embodiment, the pigment(s) can be selected from thepigment group consisting of, including any combination thereof (with CImeaning color index and CAS meaning Chemical Abstract Service Number)

Pigment Black 10 [C.I. 77265, (CAS: 7782-42-5)], Pigment Black 11 [C.I.77499, (CAS: 12227-89-3)], Pigment Black 12 [C.I. 77543, (CAS:68187-02-0)], Pigment Black 13 [C.I. 77322, (CAS: 1307-96-6)], PigmentBlack 14 [C.I. 77728, (CAS: 83512-98-5)], Pigment Black 15 [C.I. 77403,(CAS: 1317-38-0)], Pigment Black 17 [C.I. 77975, (CAS: 1314-98-3)],Pigment Black 18 [C.I. 77011, (CAS: 12001-98-8)], Pigment Black 23 [C.I.77865, (CAS: 68187-54-2)], Pigment Black 24 [C.I. 77898, (CAS:68187-00-8)], Pigment Black 25 [C.I. 77332, (CAS: 68186-89-0)], PigmentBlack 26 [C.I. 77494, (CAS: 68186-94-7)], Pigment Black 27 [C.I. 77502,(CAS: 68186-97-0)], Pigment Black 28 [C.I. 77428, (CAS: 68186-91-4)],Pigment Black 29 [C.I. 77498, (CAS: 68187-50-8)], Pigment Black 30 [C.I.77504, (CAS: 71631-15-7)], Pigment Black 31 [C.I. 71132, (CAS:67075-37-0)], Pigment Black 32 [C.I. 71133, (CAS: 83524-75-8)], PigmentBlack 33 [C.I. 77537, (CAS: 188735-18-4)], Pigment Black 34 [C.I. 77770,(CAS: 1317-33-5)], Pigment Black 6 [C.I. 77266, (CAS: 1333-86-4)],Pigment Black 7 [C.I. 77266, (CAS: 1333-86-4)], Pigment Black 8 [C.I.77268, (CAS: 1339-82-8)], Pigment Black 9 [C.I. 77267, (CAS:8021-99-6)], Pigment Blue 10 [C.I. 44040, (CAS: 1325-93-5)], PigmentBlue 15 [C.I. 74160, (CAS: 147-14-8)], Pigment Blue 16 [C.I. 74100,(CAS: 574-93-6)], Pigment Blue 18 [C.I. 42770, (CAS: 1324-77-2)],Pigment Blue 21 [C.I. 69835, (CAS: 1324-26-1)], Pigment Blue 22 [C.I.69810, (CAS: 1324-27-2)], Pigment Blue 25 [C.I. 21180, (CAS:10127-03-4)], Pigment Blue 26 [C.I. 21185, (CAS: 5437-88-7)], PigmentBlue 28 [C.I. 77346, (CAS: 1345-16-0)], Pigment Blue 29 [C.I. 77007,(CAS: 57455-37-5)], Pigment Blue 30 [C.I. 77420, (CAS: 1339-83-9)],Pigment Blue 32 [C.I. 77365, (CAS: 69458-70-4)], Pigment Blue 33 [C.I.77112, (CAS: 8046-59-1)], Pigment Blue 34 [C.I. 77450, (CAS:1317-40-4)], Pigment Blue 35 [C.I. 77368, (CAS: 83712-59-8)], PigmentBlue 36 [C.I. 77343, (CAS: 68187-11-1)], Pigment Blue 56 [C.I. 42800,(CAS: 6417-46-5)], Pigment Blue 57 [C.I. 42795, (CAS: 5905-38-4)],Pigment Blue 60 [C.I. 69800, (CAS: 81-77-6)], Pigment Blue 61 [C.I.42765, (CAS: 1324-76-1)], Pigment Blue 62 [C.I. 42595, (CAS:82338-76-9)], Pigment Blue 63 [C.I. 73015, (CAS: 16521-38-3)], PigmentBlue 64 [C.I. 69825, (CAS: 130-20-1)], Pigment Blue 65 [C.I. 59800,(CAS: 116-71-2)], Pigment Blue 66 [C.I. 73000, (CAS: 482-89-3)], PigmentBlue 71 [C.I. 77998, (CAS: 68186-95-8)], Pigment Blue 72 [C.I. 77347,(CAS: 68186-87-8)], Pigment Blue 73 [C.I. 77364, (CAS: 68187-40-6)],Pigment Blue 74 [C.I. 77366, (CAS: 68412-74-8)], Pigment Blue 75 [C.I.74160, (CAS: 3317-67-7)], Pigment Blue 76 [C.I. 742520, (CAS:176365-61-0)], Pigment Blue 78 [C.I. 42090, (CAS: 68921-42-6)], PigmentBlue 79 [C.I. 741300, (CAS: 14154-42-8)], Pigment Blue 9 [C.I. 42025B,(CAS: 596-42-9)], Pigment Brown 1 [C.I. 12480, (CAS: 6410-40-8)],Pigment Brown 10 [C.I. 77227, (CAS: 12013-69-3)], Pigment Brown 11 [C.I.77495, (CAS: 64294-89-9)], Pigment Brown 2 [C.I. 12071, (CAS:10279-43-3)], Pigment Brown 22 [C.I. 10407, (CAS: 29398-96-7)], PigmentBrown 23 [C.I. 20060, (CAS: 35869-64-8)], Pigment Brown 24 [C.I. 77310,(CAS: 68186-90-3)], Pigment Brown 26 [C.I. 71129, (CAS: 81-33-4)],Pigment Brown 27 [C.I. 73410, (CAS: 3989-75-1)], Pigment Brown 28 [C.I.69015, (CAS: 131-92-0)], Pigment Brown 33 [C.I. 77503, (CAS:68186-88-9)], Pigment Brown 34 [C.I. 77497, (CAS: 68187-10-0)], PigmentBrown 35 [C.I. 77501, (CAS: 68187-09-7)], Pigment Brown 37 [C.I. 77890,(CAS: 70248-09-8)], Pigment Brown 38 [C.I. 561660, (CAS: 126338-72-5)],Pigment Brown 39 [C.I. 77312, (CAS: 71750-83-9)], Pigment Brown 6 [C.I.77491, 77492 and 77499, (CAS: 52357-70-7)], Pigment Brown 9 [C.I. 77430,(CAS: 8014-85-5)], Pigment Green 10 [C.I. 12775, (CAS: 61725-51-7)],Pigment Green 12 [C.I. 10020, (CAS: 84682-41-7)], Pigment Green 15 [C.I.77600, (CAS: 12224-92-9)], Pigment Green 17 [C.I. 77288, (CAS:1308-38-9)], Pigment Green 18 [C.I. 77289, (CAS: 12001-99-9)], PigmentGreen 19 [C.I. 77335, (CAS: 8011-87-8)], Pigment Green 20 [C.I. 77408,(CAS: 8007-61-2)], Pigment Green 21 [C.I. 77410, (CAS: 12002-03-8)],Pigment Green 22 [C.I. 77412, (CAS: 1345-20-6)], Pigment Green 23 [C.I.77009, (CAS: 1344-98-5)], Pigment Green 24 [C.I. 77013, (CAS:1345-00-2)], Pigment Green 26 [C.I. 77344, (CAS: 68187-49-5)], PigmentGreen 27 [C.I. 77520, (CAS: 15418-51-6)], Pigment Green 36 [C.I. 74265,(CAS: 14302-13-7)], Pigment Green 37 [C.I. 74255, (CAS: 1330-37-6)],Pigment Green 38 [C.I. 74265, (CAS: 14302-13-7)], Pigment Green 42 [C.I.74260, (CAS: 1328-53-6)], Pigment Green 47 [C.I. 59825, (CAS:128-58-5)], Pigment Green 50 [C.I. 77377, (CAS: 68186-85-6)], PigmentGreen 51 [C.I. 77300, (CAS: 68553-01-5)], Pigment Green 54 [C.I. 59830,(CAS: 25704-81-8)], Pigment Green 58 [C.I. 742655, (CAS: 1143572-73-9)],Pigment Green 8 [C.I. 10006, (CAS: 16143-80-9)], Pigment Green 9 [C.I.49415, (CAS: 1326-13-2)], Pigment Orange 1 [C.I. 11725, (CAS:6371-96-6)], Pigment Orange 13 [C.I. 21110, (CAS: 3520-72-7)], PigmentOrange 14 [C.I. 21165, (CAS: 6837-37-2)], Pigment Orange 15 [C.I. 21130,(CAS: 6358-88-9)], Pigment Orange 16 [C.I. 21160, (CAS: 6505-28-8)],Pigment Orange 17 [C.I. 15510, (CAS: 15782-04-4)], Pigment Orange 17[C.I. 15510, (CAS: 15876-51-4)], Pigment Orange 18 [C.I. 15970, (CAS:1325-14-0)], Pigment Orange 19 [C.I. 15990, (CAS: 5858-88-8)], PigmentOrange 20 [C.I. 77202, (CAS: 12656-57-4)], Pigment Orange 21 [C.I.77601, (CAS: 1344-38-3)], Pigment Orange 22 [C.I. 12470, (CAS:6358-48-1)], Pigment Orange 23 [C.I. 77201, (CAS: 1345-09-1)], PigmentOrange 24 [C.I. 12305, (CAS: 6410-27-1)], Pigment Orange 3 [C.I. 12105,(CAS: 6410-15-7)], Pigment Orange 31 [C.I. 20050, (CAS: 5280-74-0)],Pigment Orange 34 [C.I. 21115, (CAS: 15793-73-4)], Pigment Orange 39[C.I. 45370, (CAS: 15876-57-0)], Pigment Orange 4 [C.I. 12459, (CAS:21889-27-0)], Pigment Orange 40 [C.I. 59700, (CAS: 128-70-1)], PigmentOrange 43 [C.I. 71105, (CAS: 4424-06-0)], Pigment Orange 44 [C.I. 21162,(CAS: 17453-73-5)], Pigment Orange 45 [C.I. 77601, (CAS: 59519-55-0)],Pigment Orange 46 [C.I. 15602, (CAS: 63467-26-5)], Pigment Orange 5[C.I. 12075, (CAS: 3468-63-1)], Pigment Orange 6 [C.I. 12730, (CAS:6407-77-8)], Pigment Orange 61 [C.I. 11265, (CAS: 40716-47-0)], PigmentOrange 64 [C.I. 12760, (CAS: 72102-84-2)], Pigment Orange 65 [C.I.48053, (CAS: 20437-10-9)], Pigment Orange 66 [C.I. 48210, (CAS:68808-69-5)], Pigment Orange 67 [C.I. 12915, (CAS: 74336-59-7)], PigmentOrange 68 [C.I. 486150, (CAS: 42844-93-9)], Pigment Orange 69 [C.I.56292, (CAS: 85959-60-0)], Pigment Orange 7 [C.I. 15530, (CAS:5850-81-7)], Pigment Orange 71 [C.I. 561200, (CAS: 84632-50-8)], PigmentOrange 72 [C.I. 211095, (CAS: 384329-80-0)], Pigment Orange 73 [C.I.561170, (CAS: 84632-59-7)], Pigment Orange 75 [C.I. 772830, (CAS:12014-93-6)], Pigment Orange 77 [C.I. 59105, (CAS: 1324-11-4)], PigmentRed 10 [C.I. 12440, (CAS: 6410-35-1)], Pigment Red 100 [C.I. 13058,(CAS: 6371-55-7)], Pigment Red 101 [C.I. 77491, (CAS: 1309-37-1)],Pigment Red 101 [C.I. 77015, (CAS: 529484-30-8)], Pigment Red 103 [C.I.77601, (CAS: 59519-56-1)], Pigment Red 104 [C.I. 77605, (CAS:12656-85-8)], Pigment Red 105 [C.I. 77578, (CAS: 1314-41-6)], PigmentRed 106 [C.I. 77766, (CAS: 1344-48-5)], Pigment Red 107 [C.I. 77060,(CAS: 1345-04-6)], Pigment Red 108 [C.I. 77202, (CAS: 58339-34-7)],Pigment Red 109 [C.I. 77482, (CAS: 1345-24-0)], Pigment Red 11 [C.I.12430, (CAS: 6535-48-4)], Pigment Red 112 [C.I. 12370, (CAS:6535-46-2)], Pigment Red 113 [C.I. 77201, (CAS: 1345-09-1)], Pigment Red114 [C.I. 12351, (CAS: 6358-47-0)], Pigment Red 115 [C.I. 15851, (CAS:6358-40-3)], Pigment Red 117 [C.I. 15603, (CAS: 10142-77-5)], PigmentRed 119 [C.I. 12469, (CAS: 72066-77-4)], Pigment Red 12 [C.I. 12385,(CAS: 6410-32-8)], Pigment Red 121 [C.I. 77302, (CAS: 12125-42-7)],Pigment Red 122 [C.I. 73915, (CAS: 980-26-7)], Pigment Red 13 [C.I.12395, (CAS: 6535-47-3)], Pigment Red 133 [C.I. 15920, (CAS:5280-67-1)], Pigment Red 14 [C.I. 12380, (CAS: 6471-50-7)], Pigment Red141 [C.I. 20044, (CAS: 3864-06-0)], Pigment Red 144 [C.I. 20735, (CAS:5280-78-4)], Pigment Red 146 [C.I. 12485, (CAS: 5280-68-2)], Pigment Red147 [C.I. 12433, (CAS: 68227-78-1)], Pigment Red 148 [C.I. 12369, (CAS:94276-08-1)], Pigment Red 149 [C.I. 71137, (CAS: 4948-15-6)], PigmentRed 15 [C.I. 12465, (CAS: 6410-39-5)], Pigment Red 150 [C.I. 12290,(CAS: 56396-10-2)], Pigment Red 151 [C.I. 15892, (CAS: 61013-97-6)],Pigment Red 157 [C.I. 12355, (CAS: 6471-49-4)], Pigment Red 16 [C.I.12500, (CAS: 6407-71-2)], Pigment Red 162 [C.I. 12431, (CAS:6358-59-4)], Pigment Red 163 [C.I. 12455, (CAS: 6410-37-3)], Pigment Red164 [C.I. 212855, (CAS: 72659-69-9)], Pigment Red 166 [C.I. 20730, (CAS:3905-19-9)], Pigment Red 168 [C.I. 59300, (CAS: 4378-61-4)], Pigment Red169 [C.I. 45160, (CAS: 12237-63-7)], Pigment Red 17 [C.I. 12390, (CAS:6655-84-1)], Pigment Red 170 [C.I. 12475, (CAS: 2786-76-7)], Pigment Red170 [C.I. 12474, (CAS: 36968-27-1)], Pigment Red 171 [C.I. 12512, (CAS:6985-95-1)], Pigment Red 172 [C.I. 45430, (CAS: 12227-78-0)], PigmentRed 173 [C.I. 45170, (CAS: 12227-77-9)], Pigment Red 174 [C.I. 45410,(CAS: 15876-58-1)], Pigment Red 175 [C.I. 12513, (CAS: 6985-92-8)],Pigment Red 177 [C.I. 65300, (CAS: 4051-63-2)], Pigment Red 179 [C.I.71130, (CAS: 5521-31-3)], Pigment Red 18 [C.I. 12350, (CAS: 3564-22-5)],Pigment Red 181 [C.I. 73360, (CAS: 2379-74-0)], Pigment Red 184 [C.I.12487, (CAS: 99402-80-9)], Pigment Red 185 [C.I. 12516, (CAS:51920-12-8)], Pigment Red 187 [C.I. 12486, (CAS: 59487-23-9)], PigmentRed 188 [C.I. 12467, (CAS: 61847-48-1)], Pigment Red 189 [C.I. 71135,(CAS: 2379-77-3)], Pigment Red 19 [C.I. 12400, (CAS: 6410-33-9)],Pigment Red 190 [C.I. 71140, (CAS: 6424-77-7)], Pigment Red 192 [C.I.739155, (CAS: 61968-81-8)], Pigment Red 193 [C.I. 16185, (CAS:12227-62-2)], Pigment Red 195 [C.I. 70320, (CAS: 4203-77-4)], PigmentRed 196 [C.I. 67000, (CAS: 2379-79-5)], Pigment Red 198 [C.I. 73390,(CAS: 6371-31-9)], Pigment Red 2 [C.I. 12310, (CAS: 6041-94-7)], PigmentRed 200 [C.I. 15867, (CAS: 58067-05-3)], Pigment Red 200 [C.I. 15867,(CAS: 32041-58-0)], Pigment Red 202 [C.I. 73907, (CAS: 3089-17-6)],Pigment Red 208 [C.I. 12514, (CAS: 31778-10-6)], Pigment Red 21 [C.I.12300, (CAS: 6410-26-0)], Pigment Red 210 [C.I. 12477, (CAS:61932-63-6)], Pigment Red 211 [C.I. 15910, (CAS: 85702-54-1)], PigmentRed 212 [C.I. 12360, (CAS: 6448-96-0)], Pigment Red 214 [C.I. 200660,(CAS: 40618-31-3)], Pigment Red 216 [C.I. 59710, (CAS: 1324-33-0)],Pigment Red 22 [C.I. 12315, (CAS: 6448-95-9)], Pigment Red 220 [C.I.20055, (CAS: 68259-05-2)], Pigment Red 221 [C.I. 20065, (CAS:71566-54-6)], Pigment Red 222 [C.I. 123665, (CAS: 20981-12-8)], PigmentRed 224 [C.I. 71127, (CAS: 128-69-8)], Pigment Red 226 [C.I. 597200,(CAS: 72828-01-4)], Pigment Red 229 [C.I. 77006, (CAS: 85536-78-3)],Pigment Red 230 [C.I. 77003, (CAS: 68187-27-9)], Pigment Red 231 [C.I.77005, (CAS: 68186-99-2)], Pigment Red 232 [C.I. 77996, (CAS:68412-79-3)], Pigment Red 233 [C.I. 77301, (CAS: 68187-12-2)], PigmentRed 235 [C.I. 77290, (CAS: 68201-65-0)], Pigment Red 236 [C.I. 77863,(CAS: 68187-53-1)], Pigment Red 242 [C.I. 20067, (CAS: 52238-92-3)],Pigment Red 243 [C.I. 15910, (CAS: 50326-33-5)], Pigment Red 243 [C.I.15910, (CAS: 431991-58-1)], Pigment Red 247 [C.I. 15915, (CAS:43035-18-3)], Pigment Red 248 [C.I. 200552, (CAS: 80648-58-4)], PigmentRed 251 [C.I. 12925, (CAS: 74336-60-0)], Pigment Red 253 [C.I. 12375,(CAS: 85776-13-2)], Pigment Red 254 [C.I. 56110, (CAS: 84632-65-5)],Pigment Red 255 [C.I. 561050, (CAS: 54660-00-3)], Pigment Red 256 [C.I.124635, (CAS: 79102-65-1)], Pigment Red 257 [C.I. 562700, (CAS:70833-37-3)], Pigment Red 258 [C.I. 12318, (CAS: 57301-22-1)], PigmentRed 259 [C.I. 77007, (CAS: 113956-14-2)], Pigment Red 260 [C.I. 56295,(CAS: 71552-60-8)], Pigment Red 261 [C.I. 12468, (CAS: 16195-23-6)],Pigment Red 264 [C.I. 561300, (CAS: 88949-33-1)], Pigment Red 265 [C.I.772830, (CAS: 12014-93-6)], Pigment Red 267 [C.I. 12396, (CAS:68016-06-8)], Pigment Red 268 [C.I. 12316, (CAS: 16403-84-2)], PigmentRed 269 [C.I. 12466, (CAS: 67990-05-0)], Pigment Red 271 [C.I. 487100,(CAS: 85958-80-1)], Pigment Red 273 [C.I. 16035, (CAS: 68583-95-9)],Pigment Red 274 [C.I. 16255, (CAS: 12227-64-4)], Pigment Red 3 [C.I.12120, (CAS: 2425-85-6)], Pigment Red 30 [C.I. 12330, (CAS: 6471-48-3)],Pigment Red 32 [C.I. 12320, (CAS: 6410-29-3)], Pigment Red 37 [C.I.21205, (CAS: 6883-91-6)], Pigment Red 38 [C.I. 21120, (CAS: 6358-87-8)],Pigment Red 39 [C.I. 21080, (CAS: 6492-54-2)], Pigment Red 4 [C.I.12085, (CAS: 2814-77-9)], Pigment Red 40 [C.I. 12170, (CAS: 2653-64-7)],Pigment Red 41 [C.I. 21200, (CAS: 6505-29-9)], Pigment Red 42 [C.I.21210, (CAS: 6358-90-3)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS: 3564-21-4)],Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS: 1325-12-8)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I.15865, (CAS: 7585-41-3)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS: 7023-61-2)],Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS: 15782-05-5)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I.15865, (CAS: 5280-66-0)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS:71832-83-2)], Pigment Red 48 [C.I. 15865, (CAS: 68966-97-2)], PigmentRed 49 [C.I. 15630, (CAS: 1248-18-6)], Pigment Red 49 [C.I. 15630, (CAS:1325-06-0)], Pigment Red 49 [C.I. 15630, (CAS: 1103-38-4)], Pigment Red49 [C.I. 15630, (CAS: 1103-39-5)], Pigment Red 49 [C.I. 15630, (CAS:6371-67-1)], Pigment Red 5 [C.I. 12490, (CAS: 6410-41-9)], Pigment Red50 [C.I. 15500, (CAS: 5850-76-0)], Pigment Red 50 [C.I. 15500, (CAS:6372-81-2)], Pigment Red 51 [C.I. 15580, (CAS: 5850-87-3)], Pigment Red52 [C.I. 15860, (CAS: 5858-82-2)], Pigment Red 52 [C.I. 15860, (CAS:1325-11-7)], Pigment Red 52 [C.I. 15860, (CAS: 17852-99-2)], Pigment Red52 [C.I. 15860, (CAS: 17814-20-9)], Pigment Red 52 [C.I. 15860, (CAS:12238-31-2)], Pigment Red 53 [C.I. 15585, (CAS: 2092-56-0)], Pigment Red53 [C.I. 15585, (CAS: 1325-04-8)], Pigment Red 53 [C.I. 15585, (CAS:67990-35-6)], Pigment Red 53 [C.I. 15585, (CAS: 73263-40-8)], PigmentRed 54 [C.I. 14830, (CAS: 6373-10-0)], Pigment Red 55 [C.I. 15820, (CAS:141052-43-9)], Pigment Red 57 [C.I. 15850, (CAS: 5858-81-1)], PigmentRed 57 [C.I. 15850, (CAS: 17852-98-1)], Pigment Red 57 [C.I. 15850,(CAS: 55491-44-6)], Pigment Red 58 [C.I. 15825, (CAS: 1325-09-3)],Pigment Red 58 [C.I. 15825, (CAS: 7538-59-2)], Pigment Red 58 [CI 15825,(CAS: 15782-03-3)], Pigment Red 58 [C.I. 15825, (CAS: 76613-71-3)],Pigment Red 58 [C.I. 15825, (CAS: 64552-28-9)], Pigment Red 6 [C.I.12090, (CAS: 6410-13-5)], Pigment Red 60 [C.I. 16105, (CAS:15782-06-6)], Pigment Red 60 [C.I. 16105, (CAS: 1325-16-2)], Pigment Red61 [C.I. 24830, (CAS: 1325-29-7)], Pigment Red 62 [C.I. 23295, (CAS:109823-18-9)], Pigment Red 63 [C.I. 15880, (CAS: 21416-46-6)], PigmentRed 63 [C.I. 15880, (CAS: 6417-83-0)], Pigment Red 63 [C.I. 15880, (CAS:15792-20-8)], Pigment Red 63 [C.I. 15880, (CAS: 35355-77-2)], PigmentRed 64 [C.I. 15800, (CAS: 16508-79-5)], Pigment Red 64 [C.I. 15800,(CAS: 6371-76-2)], Pigment Red 65 [C.I. 18020, (CAS: 1325-21-9)],Pigment Red 66 [C.I. 18000, (CAS: 1325-19-5)], Pigment Red 67 [C.I.18025, (CAS: 1325-22-0)], Pigment Red 68 [C.I. 15525, (CAS: 5850-80-6)],Pigment Red 69 [C.I. 15595, (CAS: 5850-90-8)], Pigment Red 7 [C.I.12420, (CAS: 6471-51-8)], Pigment Red 70 [C.I. 15590, (CAS: 5850-89-5)],Pigment Red 77 [C.I. 15826, (CAS: 6358-39-0)], Pigment Red 8 [C.I.12335, (CAS: 6410-30-6)], Pigment Red 83 [C.I. 58000, (CAS:104074-25-1)], Pigment Red 84 [C.I. 58210, (CAS: 1328-07-0)], PigmentRed 85 [C.I. 63350, (CAS: 6370-96-3)], Pigment Red 86 [C.I. 73375, (CAS:6371-26-2)], Pigment Red 89 [C.I. 60745, (CAS: 6409-74-1)], Pigment Red9 [C.I. 12460, (CAS: 6410-38-4)], Pigment Red 90 [C.I. 45380, (CAS:15876-39-8)], Pigment Red 93 [C.I. 12152, (CAS: 6548-36-3)], Pigment Red95 [C.I. 15897, (CAS: 72639-39-5)], Pigment Red 99 [C.I. 15570, (CAS:5850-85-1)], Pigment Violet 10 [C.I. 42535, (CAS: 1325-82-2)], PigmentViolet 12 [C.I. 58050, (CAS: 1328-03-6)], Pigment Violet 13 [C.I.125085, (CAS: 83399-83-1)], Pigment Violet 14 [C.I. 77360, (CAS:10101-56-1)], Pigment Violet 15 [C.I. 77007, (CAS: 12769-96-9)], PigmentViolet 16 [C.I. 77742, (CAS: 10101-66-3)], Pigment Violet 19 [C.I.46500, (CAS: 1047-16-0], Pigment Violet 20 [C.I. 58225, (CAS:6486-92-6)], Pigment Violet 23 [C.I. 51319, (CAS: 215247-95-3)], PigmentViolet 25 [C.I. 12321, (CAS: 6358-46-9)], Pigment Violet 27 [C.I. 42535,(CAS: 12237-62-6)], Pigment Violet 29 [C.I. 71129, (CAS: 81-33-4)],Pigment Violet 3 [C.I. 42535, (CAS: 68647-35-8)], Pigment Violet 3 [C.I.42535, (CAS: 68308-41-8)], Pigment Violet 3 [C.I. 42535, (CAS:67989-22-4)], Pigment Violet 31 [C.I. 60010, (CAS: 1324-55-6)], PigmentViolet 33 [C.I. 60005, (CAS: 1324-17-0)], Pigment Violet 36 [C.I. 73385,(CAS: 5462-29-3)], Pigment Violet 37 [C.I. 51345, (CAS: 17741-63-8)],Pigment Violet 38 [C.I. 73395, (CAS: 2379-75-1)], Pigment Violet 47[C.I. 77363, (CAS: 68610-13-9)], Pigment Violet 48 [C.I. 77352, (CAS:68608-93-5)], Pigment Violet 49 [C.I. 77362, (CAS: 16827-96-6)], PigmentViolet 5 [C.I. 58055, (CAS: 1328-04-7)], Pigment Violet 6 [C.I. 58060,(CAS: 6483-85-8)], Pigment Violet 6 [C.I. 58060, (CAS: 1328-05-8)],Pigment Violet 7 [C.I. 58065, (CAS: 1328-06-9)], Pigment Violet 8 [C.I.18005, (CAS: 1325-20-8)], Pigment Yellow 1 [C.I. 11680, (CAS:2512-29-0)], Pigment Yellow 10 [C.I. 12710, (CAS: 6407-75-6)], PigmentYellow 100 [C.I. 19140, (CAS: 12225-21-7)], Pigment Yellow 104 [C.I.15985, (CAS: 15790-07-5)], Pigment Yellow 105 [C.I. 11743, (CAS:12236-75-8)], Pigment Yellow 109 [C.I. 56284, (CAS: 5045-40-9)], PigmentYellow 11 [C.I. 10325, (CAS: 2955-16-0)], Pigment Yellow 110 [C.I.56280, (CAS: 5590-18-1)], Pigment Yellow 111 [C.I. 11745, (CAS:15993-42-7)], Pigment Yellow 112 [C.I. 70600, (CAS: 475-71-8)], PigmentYellow 114 [C.I. 21092, (CAS: 68610-87-7)], Pigment Yellow 115 [C.I.47005, (CAS: 68814-04-0)], Pigment Yellow 116 [C.I. 11790, (CAS:61968-84-1)], Pigment Yellow 117 [C.I. 48043, (CAS: 21405-81-2)],Pigment Yellow 118 [C.I. 77894, (CAS: 61512-65-0)], Pigment Yellow 119[C.I. 77496, (CAS: 68187-51-9)], Pigment Yellow 12 [C.I. 21090, (CAS:6358-85-6)], Pigment Yellow 123 [C.I. 65049, (CAS: 4028-94-8)], PigmentYellow 124 [C.I. 21107, (CAS: 67828-22-2)], Pigment Yellow 126 [C.I.21101, (CAS: 90268-23-8)], Pigment Yellow 127 [C.I. 21102, (CAS:68610-86-6)], Pigment Yellow 128 [C.I. 20037, (CAS: 79953-85-8)],Pigment Yellow 129 [C.I. 48042, (CAS: 15680-42-9)], Pigment Yellow 13[C.I. 21100, (CAS: 5102-83-0)], Pigment Yellow 130 [C.I. 117699, (CAS:23739-66-4)], Pigment Yellow 133 [C.I. 139395, (CAS: 85702-53-0)],Pigment Yellow 134 [C.I. 21111, (CAS: 31775-20-9)], Pigment Yellow 138[C.I. 56300, (CAS: 30125-47-4)], Pigment Yellow 139 [C.I. 56298, (CAS:36888-99-0)], Pigment Yellow 14 [C.I. 21095, (CAS: 5468-75-7)], PigmentYellow 147 [C.I. 60645, (CAS: 4118-16-5)], Pigment Yellow 148 [C.I.50600, (CAS: 20572-37-6)], Pigment Yellow 15 [C.I. 21220, (CAS:6528-35-4)], Pigment Yellow 150 [C.I. 12764, (CAS: 872613-79-1)],Pigment Yellow 153 [C.I. 48545, (CAS: 29204-84-0)], Pigment Yellow 155[C.I. 200310, (CAS: 68516-73-4)], Pigment Yellow 157 [C.I. 77900, (CAS:68610-24-2)], Pigment Yellow 158 [C.I. 77862, (CAS: 68186-93-6)],Pigment Yellow 159 [C.I. 77997, (CAS: 68187-15-5)], Pigment Yellow 16[C.I. 20040, (CAS: 5979-28-2)], Pigment Yellow 160 [C.I. 77991, (CAS:68187-01-9)], Pigment Yellow 161 [C.I. 77895, (CAS: 68611-43-8)],Pigment Yellow 162 [C.I. 77896, (CAS: 68611-42-7)], Pigment Yellow 163[C.I. 77897, (CAS: 68186-92-5)], Pigment Yellow 164 [C.I. 77899, (CAS:68412-38-4)], Pigment Yellow 167 [C.I. 11737, (CAS: 38489-24-6)],Pigment Yellow 168 [C.I. 13960, (CAS: 71832-85-4)], Pigment Yellow 169[C.I. 13955, (CAS: 73385-03-2)], Pigment Yellow 17 [C.I. 21105, (CAS:4531-49-1)], Pigment Yellow 173 [C.I. 561600, (CAS: 51016-63-8)],Pigment Yellow 174 [C.I. 21098, (CAS: 78952-72-4)], Pigment Yellow 176[C.I. 21103, (CAS: 90268-24-9)], Pigment Yellow 177 [C.I. 48120, (CAS:60109-88-8)], Pigment Yellow 179 [C.I. 48125, (CAS: 63287-28-5)],Pigment Yellow 180 [C.I. 21290, (CAS: 77804-81-0)], Pigment Yellow 181[C.I. 11777, (CAS: 74441-05-7)], Pigment Yellow 182 [C.I. 128300, (CAS:67906-31-4)], Pigment Yellow 183 [C.I. 18792, (CAS: 65212-77-3)],Pigment Yellow 184 [C.I. 771740, (CAS: 14059-33-7)], Pigment Yellow 185[C.I. 56290, (CAS: 76199-85-4)], Pigment Yellow 188 [C.I. 21094, (CAS:23792-68-9)], Pigment Yellow 190 [C.I. 189785, (CAS: 94612-75-6)],Pigment Yellow 191 [C.I. 18795, (CAS: 129423-54-7)], Pigment Yellow 191[C.I. 18795, (CAS: 154946-66-4)], Pigment Yellow 192 [C.I. 507300, (CAS:56279-27-7)], Pigment Yellow 193 [C.I. 65412, (CAS: 70321-14-1)],Pigment Yellow 194 [C.I. 11785, (CAS: 82199-12-0)], Pigment Yellow 199[C.I. 653200, (CAS: 136897-58-0)], Pigment Yellow 2 [C.I. 11730, (CAS:6486-26-6)], Pigment Yellow 202 [C.I. 65410, (CAS: 3627-47-2)], PigmentYellow 203 [C.I. 117390, (CAS: 150959-17-4)], Pigment Yellow 213 [C.I.117875, (CAS: 220198-21-0)], Pigment Yellow 218 [C.I. 561805, (CAS:910868-14-3)], Pigment Yellow 220 [C.I. 561806, (CAS: 17352-39-5)],Pigment Yellow 227 [C.I. 777895, (CAS: 1374645-21-2)], Pigment Yellow 3[C.I. 11710, (CAS: 6486-23-3)], Pigment Yellow 30 [C.I. 77592, (CAS:1345-30-8)], Pigment Yellow 31 [C.I. 77103, (CAS: 10294-40-3)], PigmentYellow 33 [C.I. 77223, (CAS: 8012-75-7)], Pigment Yellow 34 [C.I. 77603,(CAS: 1344-37-2)], Pigment Yellow 35 [C.I. 77205, (CAS: 90604-89-0)],Pigment Yellow 36 [C.I. 77956, (CAS: 49663-84-5)], Pigment Yellow 37[C.I. 77199, (CAS: 90604-90-3)], Pigment Yellow 38 [C.I. 77878, (CAS:1315-01-1)], Pigment Yellow 39 [C.I. 77086, (CAS: 1303-33-9)], PigmentYellow 4 [C.I. 11665, (CAS: 1657-16-5)], Pigment Yellow 41 [C.I. 77588,(CAS: 8012-00-8)], Pigment Yellow 42 [C.I. 77492, (CAS: 51274-00-1)],Pigment Yellow 43 [C.I. 77492, (CAS: 64294-91-3)], Pigment Yellow 44[C.I. 77188, (CAS: 1345-08-0)], Pigment Yellow 45 [C.I. 77505, (CAS:1328-64-9)], Pigment Yellow 46 [C.I. 77577, (CAS: 1317-36-8)], PigmentYellow 48 [C.I. 77610, (CAS: 592-05-2)], Pigment Yellow 5 [C.I. 11660,(CAS: 4106-67-6)], Pigment Yellow 53 [C.I. 77788, (CAS: 8007-18-9)],Pigment Yellow 55 [C.I. 21096, (CAS: 6358-37-8)], Pigment Yellow 6 [C.I.11670, (CAS: 4106-76-7)], Pigment Yellow 60 [C.I. 12705, (CAS:6407-74-5)], Pigment Yellow 61 [C.I. 13880, (CAS: 5280-69-3)], PigmentYellow 62 [C.I. 13940, (CAS: 12286-66-7)], Pigment Yellow 62 [C.I.13940, (CAS: 5280-70-6)], Pigment Yellow 65 [C.I. 11740, (CAS:6528-34-3)], Pigment Yellow 7 [C.I. 12780, (CAS: 6407-81-4)], PigmentYellow 73 [C.I. 11738, (CAS: 13515-40-7)], Pigment Yellow 74 [C.I.11741, (CAS: 6358-31-2)], Pigment Yellow 75 [C.I. 11770, (CAS:52320-66-8)], Pigment Yellow 77 [C.I. 20045, (CAS: 5905-17-9)], PigmentYellow 81 [C.I. 21127, (CAS: 22094-93-5)], Pigment Yellow 83 [C.I.21108, (CAS: 5567-15-7)], Pigment Yellow 83 [C.I. 21107, (CAS:15110-84-6)], Pigment Yellow 9 [C.I. 11720, (CAS: 6486-24-4)], PigmentYellow 93 [C.I. 20710, (CAS: 5580-57-4)], Pigment Yellow 94 [C.I. 20038,(CAS: 5580-58-5)], Pigment Yellow 95 [C.I. 20034, (CAS: 5280-80-8)],Pigment Yellow 98 [C.I. 11727, (CAS: 32432-45-4)], Prussian blue [C.I.77510, (CAS: 12240-15-2)], Pigment Blue 1 [(CAS: 1325-87-7)], PigmentBlue 1 [(CAS: 69980-72-9)], Pigment Blue 1 [(CAS: 68409-66-5)], PigmentBlue 10 [(CAS: 84057-86-3)], Pigment Blue 12 [(CAS: 1325-77-5)], PigmentBlue 14 [(CAS: 1325-88-8)], Pigment Blue 2 [(CAS: 1325-94-6)], PigmentBlue 3 [(CAS: 1325-79-7)], Pigment Blue 9 [(CAS: 1325-74-2)], PigmentGreen 1 [(CAS: 1325-75-3)], Pigment Green 3 [(CAS: 68845-37-4)], PigmentGreen 4 [(CAS: 61725-50-6)], Pigment Red 80 [(CAS: 12224-98-5)], PigmentRed 81 [(CAS: 80083-40-5)], Pigment Red 81 [(CAS: 75627-12-2)], PigmentRed 81 [(CAS: 68310-07-6)], Pigment Red 81 [(CAS: 85959-61-1)], PigmentRed 81 [(CAS: 63022-06-0)], Pigment Red 81 [(CAS: 63022-07-1)], PigmentViolet 1 [(CAS: 1326-03-0)], Pigment Violet 2 [(CAS: 1326-04-1)],Pigment Violet 2 [(CAS: 103443-41-0)], Pigment Violet 4 [(CAS:1325-80-0)], Pigment Black 1 [(CAS: 73104-73-0], Pigment Black 1 [(CAS:9064-44-2)], Pigment Black 11 [(CAS: 120899-48-1)], Pigment Black 11[(CAS: 128666-38-6)], Pigment Black 11 [(CAS: 128666-37-5)], PigmentBlack 11 [(CAS: 128666-36-4)], Pigment Black 11 [(CAS: 147858-25-1)],Pigment Black 16 [(CAS: 7440-66-6)], Pigment Black 19 [(CAS:874954-47-9)], Pigment Black 2 [(CAS: 12236-57-6)], Pigment Black 20[(CAS: 12216-93-2)], Pigment Black 21 [(CAS: 12216-94-3)], Pigment Black22 [(CAS: 55353-02-1)], Pigment Black 3 [(CAS: 945563-42-8)], PigmentBlack 35 [(CAS: 945563-51-9)], Pigment Black 5 [(CAS: 945563-45-1)],Pigment Blue 1 [(CAS: 68647-33-6)], Pigment Blue 10 [(CAS:308086-15-9)], Pigment Blue 11 [(CAS: 71798-70-4)], Pigment Blue 13[(CAS: 945558-73-6)], Pigment Blue 15-Pigment Green 7 mixt. [(CAS:1026025-11-5)], Pigment Blue 15-Pigment Red 122-Pigment Yellow 74 mixt.[(CAS: 1357447-02-9)], Pigment Blue 151 [(CAS: 685529-31-1)], PigmentBlue 16 [(CAS: 424827-05-4)], Pigment Blue 17 [(CAS: 153640-87-0)],Pigment Blue 17 [(CAS: 71799-04-7)], Pigment Blue 19 [(CAS:58569-23-6)], Pigment Blue 2 [(CAS: 1126074-38-1)], Pigment Blue 20[(CAS: 945558-74-7)], Pigment Blue 209 [(CAS: 215590-82-2)], PigmentBlue 23 [(CAS: 57486-30-3)], Pigment Blue 24 [(CAS: 1042940-03-3)],Pigment Blue 28 [(CAS: 151732-17-1)], Pigment Blue 29 [(CAS:151732-19-3)], Pigment Blue 31 [(CAS: 945558-75-8)], Pigment Blue 4[(CAS: 945558-70-3)], Pigment Blue 5 [(CAS: 945558-72-5)], Pigment Blue52 [(CAS: 945558-90-7)], Pigment Blue 53 [(CAS: 945558-91-8)], PigmentBlue 53 [(CAS: 190454-42-3)], Pigment Blue 56 [(CAS: 64427-27-6)],Pigment Blue 58 [(CAS: 12236-58-7)], Pigment Blue 59 [(CAS:12236-59-8)], Pigment Blue 6 [(CAS: 371759-37-4)], Pigment Blue 61[(CAS: 1126075-97-5)], Pigment Blue 63 [(CAS: 815586-00-6)], PigmentBlue 67 [(CAS: 945558-93-0)], Pigment Blue 68 [(CAS: 129406-28-6)],Pigment Blue 69 [(CAS: 945558-94-1)], Pigment Blue 7 [(CAS:71838-91-0)], Pigment Blue 7 [(CAS: 120177-75-5)], Pigment Blue 70[(CAS: 72827-99-7)], Pigment Blue 77 [(CAS: 945558-95-2)], Pigment Blue8 [(CAS: 12224-90-7)], Pigment Blue 80 [(CAS: 391663-82-4)], PigmentBlue 81 [(CAS: 945558-98-5)], Pigment Blue 83 [(CAS: 1126076-49-0)],Pigment Blue 84 [(CAS: 2095508-48-6)], Pigment Brown 126 [(CAS:128664-60-8)], Pigment Brown 29 [(CAS: 109414-04-2)], Pigment Brown 3[(CAS: 1325-24-2)], Pigment Brown 30 [(CAS: 135668-57-4)], Pigment Brown31 [(CAS: 126338-71-4)], Pigment Brown 32 [(CAS: 72828-00-3)], PigmentBrown 36 [(CAS: 945563-08-6)], Pigment Brown 4 [(CAS: 109944-91-4)],Pigment Brown 40 [(CAS: 945563-13-3)], Pigment Brown 41 [(CAS:211502-16-8)], Pigment Brown 42 [(CAS: 211502-17-9)], Pigment Brown 43[(CAS: 75864-23-2)], Pigment Brown 44 [(CAS: 945563-18-8)], PigmentBrown 45 [(CAS: 945563-37-1)], Pigment Brown 46 [(CAS: 945563-38-2)],Pigment Brown 47 [(CAS: 945563-39-3)], Pigment Brown 48 [(CAS:2170864-80-7)], Pigment Brown 5 [(CAS: 16521-34-9)], Pigment Brown 6[(CAS: 1275574-14-5)], Pigment Green 1 [(CAS: 68814-00-6)], PigmentGreen 1 [(CAS: 68123-12-6)], Pigment Green 13 [(CAS: 148092-61-9)],Pigment Green 14 [(CAS: 114013-40-0)], Pigment Green 16 [(CAS:65505-26-2)], Pigment Green 2 [(CAS: 12213-69-3)], Pigment Green 2[(CAS: 76963-33-2)], Pigment Green 25 [(CAS: 945560-75-8)], PigmentGreen 45 [(CAS: 945561-39-7)], Pigment Green 46 [(CAS: 945561-40-0)],Pigment Green 48 [(CAS: 945561-55-7)], Pigment Green 49 [(CAS:945561-56-8)], Pigment Green 52 [(CAS: 945562-08-3)], Pigment Green 55[(CAS: 945563-02-0)], Pigment Green 56 [(CAS: 945563-05-3)], PigmentGreen 59 [(CAS: 2170445-83-5)], Pigment Green 6 [(CAS: 945559-56-8)],Pigment Green 62 [(CAS: 2108056-55-7)], Pigment Green 63 [(CAS:2108056-56-8)], Pigment Green 7 [(CAS: 68022-83-3)], Pigment Green 77[(CAS: 12715-62-7)], Pigment Green 7-Pigment Yellow 93 mixt. [(CAS:1046461-83-9)], Pigment Orange 12 [(CAS: 945426-49-3)], Pigment Orange20 [(CAS: 957128-28-8)], Pigment Orange 25 [(CAS: 12224-97-4)], PigmentOrange 32 [(CAS: 945426-51-7)], Pigment Orange 36 [(CAS: 12236-62-3)],Pigment Orange 38 [(CAS: 12236-64-5)], Pigment Orange 42 [(CAS:12768-99-9)], Pigment Orange 43-Pigment Orange 64 mixt. [(CAS:1046461-84-0)], Pigment Orange 47 [(CAS: 71819-73-3)], Pigment Orange 48[(CAS: 71819-74-4)], Pigment Orange 49 [(CAS: 71819-75-5)], PigmentOrange 50 [(CAS: 76780-89-7)], Pigment Orange 51 [(CAS: 61512-61-6)],Pigment Orange 52 [(CAS: 61512-62-7)], Pigment Orange 53 [(CAS:945426-52-8)], Pigment Orange 54 [(CAS: 945426-53-9)], Pigment Orange 55[(CAS: 304891-88-1)], Pigment Orange 56 [(CAS: 74433-73-1)], PigmentOrange 57 [(CAS: 945426-54-0)], Pigment Orange 58 [(CAS: 945426-55-1)],Pigment Orange 59 [(CAS: 304891-93-8)], Pigment Orange 60 [(CAS:68399-99-5)], Pigment Orange 62 [(CAS: 52846-56-7)], Pigment Orange 63[(CAS: 76233-79-9)], Pigment Orange 70 [(CAS: 914936-31-5)], PigmentOrange 74 [(CAS: 516493-26-8)], Pigment Orange 76 [(CAS: 945426-61-9)],Pigment Orange 79 [(CAS: 945426-62-0)], Pigment Orange 8 [(CAS:945426-48-2)], Pigment Orange 80 [(CAS: 945426-63-1)], Pigment Orange 81[(CAS: 656223-72-2)], Pigment Orange 82 [(CAS: 2170864-77-2)], PigmentOrange 86 [(CAS: 1883421-38-2)], Pigment Orange 9 [(CAS: 71799-05-8)],Pigment Red 1 [(CAS: 39781-24-3)], Pigment Red 102 [(CAS: 1332-25-8)],Pigment Red 108 [(CAS: 918496-78-3)], Pigment Red 110 [(CAS:854102-21-9)], Pigment Red 111 [(CAS: 12224-99-6)], Pigment Red 118[(CAS: 945428-13-7)], Pigment Red 120 [(CAS: 57485-96-8)], Pigment Red123 [(CAS: 24108-89-2)], Pigment Red 134 [(CAS: 12286-59-8)], PigmentRed 135 [(CAS: 945428-14-8)], Pigment Red 136 [(CAS: 945428-21-7)],Pigment Red 137 [(CAS: 71799-07-0)], Pigment Red 139 [(CAS:12262-44-1)], Pigment Red 140 [(CAS: 383890-12-8)], Pigment Red 142[(CAS: 109944-97-0)], Pigment Red 143 [(CAS: 12286-63-4)], Pigment Red152 [(CAS: 405113-25-9)], Pigment Red 154 [(CAS: 109944-98-1)], PigmentRed 155 [(CAS: 109944-99-2)], Pigment Red 156 [(CAS: 109945-00-8)],Pigment Red 158 [(CAS: 945552-90-9)], Pigment Red 159 [(CAS:109945-01-9)], Pigment Red 160 [(CAS: 854524-60-0)], Pigment Red 161[(CAS: 945552-91-0)], Pigment Red 165 [(CAS: 12225-03-5)], Pigment Red167 [(CAS: 12236-66-7)], Pigment Red 176 [(CAS: 12225-06-8)], PigmentRed 178 [(CAS: 3049-71-6)], Pigment Red 17-Pigment Red 150-Pigment White18 mixt. [(CAS: 2247196-29-6)], Pigment Red 180 [(CAS: 12769-00-5)],Pigment Red 182 [(CAS: 61036-51-9)], Pigment Red 183 [(CAS:51920-11-7)], Pigment Red 191 [(CAS: 85068-75-3)], Pigment Red 199[(CAS: 61901-78-8)], Pigment Red 20 [(CAS: 945426-74-4)], Pigment Red200 [(CAS: 67801-10-9)], Pigment Red 201 [(CAS: 68258-66-2)], PigmentRed 202-Pigment Violet 19 mixt. [(CAS: 1122063-75-5)], Pigment Red 203[(CAS: 945553-87-7)], Pigment Red 204 [(CAS: 438231-79-9)], Pigment Red205 [(CAS: 741692-71-7)], Pigment Red 206 [(CAS: 71819-76-6)], PigmentRed 207 [(CAS: 71819-77-7)], Pigment Red 215 [(CAS: 304892-29-3)],Pigment Red 217 [(CAS: 155421-17-3)], Pigment Red 218 [(CAS:383891-32-5)], Pigment Red 219 [(CAS: 909006-21-9)], Pigment Red 223[(CAS: 26789-26-4)], Pigment Red 225 [(CAS: 125270-32-8)], Pigment Red227 [(CAS: 71872-64-5)], Pigment Red 228 [(CAS: 304898-64-4)], PigmentRed 234 [(CAS: 945554-26-7)], Pigment Red 237 [(CAS: 220424-27-1)],Pigment Red 238 [(CAS: 140114-63-2)], Pigment Red 239 [(CAS:220424-28-2)], Pigment Red 240 [(CAS: 141489-67-0)], Pigment Red 241[(CAS: 945554-27-8)], Pigment Red 244 [(CAS: 882858-66-4)], Pigment Red245 [(CAS: 68016-05-7)], Pigment Red 246 [(CAS: 431991-59-2)], PigmentRed 249 [(CAS: 97955-62-9)], Pigment Red 25 [(CAS: 945426-75-5)],Pigment Red 250 [(CAS: 146358-78-3)], Pigment Red 252 [(CAS:945554-31-4)], Pigment Red 26 [(CAS: 109944-92-5)], Pigment Red 262[(CAS: 211502-19-1)], Pigment Red 263 [(CAS: 278792-06-6)], Pigment Red270 [(CAS: 251086-13-2)], Pigment Red 272 [(CAS: 350249-32-0)], PigmentRed 276 [(CAS: 945554-32-5)], Pigment Red 277 [(CAS: 945554-33-6)],Pigment Red 278 [(CAS: 945554-34-7)], Pigment Red 279 [(CAS:832743-59-6)], Pigment Red 280 [(CAS: 945554-58-5)], Pigment Red 281[(CAS: 945554-64-3)], Pigment Red 282 [(CAS: 938065-79-3)], Pigment Red283 [(CAS: 945554-67-6)], Pigment Red 284 [(CAS: 1089180-60-8)], PigmentRed 285 [(CAS: 1248412-35-2)], Pigment Red 29 [(CAS: 109944-93-6)],Pigment Red 34 [(CAS: 71872-60-1)], Pigment Red 35 [(CAS: 104491-86-3)],Pigment Red 46 [(CAS: 945427-33-8)], Pigment Red 47 [(CAS:945427-55-4)], Pigment Red 48 [(CAS: 16013-44-8)], Pigment Red 48 [(CAS:17797-35-2)], Pigment Red 48-Pigment Red 122 mixt. [(CAS:1046461-81-7)], Pigment Red 48 [(CAS: 218138-44-4)], Pigment Red 48[(CAS: 218138-41-1)], Pigment Red 48 [(CAS: 68023-17-6)], Pigment Red 51[(CAS: 25705-30-0)], Pigment Red 51 [(CAS: 446242-29-1)], Pigment Red 52[(CAS: 27757-95-5)], Pigment Red 52 [(CAS: 67828-72-2)], Pigment Red 52[(CAS: 218138-27-3)], Pigment Red 53 [(CAS: 15958-19-7)], Pigment Red 56[(CAS: 25310-96-7)], Pigment Red 57 [(CAS: 88593-07-1)], Pigment Red 58[(CAS: 25310-97-8)], Pigment Red 59 [(CAS: 945427-99-6)], Pigment Red 60[(CAS: 446245-60-9)], Pigment Red 63 [(CAS: 5858-84-4)], Pigment Red 63[(CAS: 16510-21-7)], Pigment Red 63 [(CAS: 1325-13-9)], Pigment Red 64[(CAS: 5858-77-5)], Pigment Red 68 [(CAS: 25311-19-7)], Pigment Red 71[(CAS: 384329-78-6)], Pigment Red 72 [(CAS: 945428-03-5)], Pigment Red73 [(CAS: 109944-94-7)], Pigment Red 74 [(CAS: 109944-95-8)], PigmentRed 75 [(CAS: 109944-96-9)], Pigment Red 78 [(CAS: 71799-06-9)], PigmentRed 81-Pigment White 21 mixt. [(CAS: 192390-71-9)], Pigment Red 82[(CAS: 110927-51-0)], Pigment Red 88 [(CAS: 14295-43-3)], Pigment Red 90[(CAS: 51868-24-7)], Pigment Red 92 [(CAS: 909006-04-8)], Pigment Red 94[(CAS: 12213-62-6)], Pigment Red 96 [(CAS: 945428-04-6)], Pigment Red 97[(CAS: 239795-92-7)], Pigment Red 98 [(CAS: 945428-07-9)], PigmentViolet 1 [(CAS: 63022-09-3)], Pigment Violet 1 [(CAS: 62973-79-9)],Pigment Violet 11 [(CAS: 875014-31-6)], Pigment Violet 11 [(CAS:765310-46-1)], Pigment Violet 122 [(CAS: 104491-87-4)], Pigment Violet123 [(CAS: 80619-33-6)], Pigment Violet 17 [(CAS: 945554-69-8)], PigmentViolet 18 [(CAS: 945554-81-4)], Pigment Violet 21 [(CAS: 945555-53-3)],Pigment Violet 26 [(CAS: 945556-80-9)], Pigment Violet 28 [(CAS:12236-70-3)], Pigment Violet 30 [(CAS: 12225-07-9)], Pigment Violet 32[(CAS: 12225-08-0)], Pigment Violet 34 [(CAS: 12612-32-7)], PigmentViolet 35 [(CAS: 55177-94-0], Pigment Violet 39 [(CAS: 64070-98-0)],Pigment Violet 39 [(CAS: 68477-21-4)], Pigment Violet 4 [(CAS:68310-88-3)], Pigment Violet 40 [(CAS: 61968-83-0)], Pigment Violet 41[(CAS: 945557-07-3)], Pigment Violet 42 [(CAS: 71819-79-9)], PigmentViolet 43 [(CAS: 79665-29-5)], Pigment Violet 44 [(CAS: 87209-55-0)],Pigment Violet 45 [(CAS: 945557-40-4)], Pigment Violet 46 [(CAS:945557-42-6)], Pigment Violet 5 [(CAS: 22297-70-7)], Pigment Violet 50[(CAS: 76233-81-3)], Pigment Violet 51 [(CAS: 945557-43-7)], PigmentViolet 52 [(CAS: 945557-99-3)], Pigment Violet 53 [(CAS: 945558-15-6)],Pigment Violet 54 [(CAS: 1126076-80-9)], Pigment Violet 55 [(CAS:1126076-86-5)], Pigment Violet 56 [(CAS: 1126076-93-4)], Pigment Violet7 [(CAS: 16035-60-2)], Pigment Violet 9 [(CAS: 945554-68-7)], PigmentYellow 1 [(CAS: 12240-03-8)], Pigment Yellow 102 [(CAS: 12236-74-7)],Pigment Yellow 103 [(CAS: 12225-22-8)], Pigment Yellow 106 [(CAS:12225-23-9)], Pigment Yellow 107 [(CAS: 12270-64-3)], Pigment Yellow 113[(CAS: 14359-20-7)], Pigment Yellow 120 [(CAS: 29920-31-8)], PigmentYellow 121 [(CAS: 14569-54-1)], Pigment Yellow 122 [(CAS: 852620-87-2)],Pigment Yellow 125 [(CAS: 304891-45-0)], Pigment Yellow 131 [(CAS:945423-41-6)], Pigment Yellow 132 [(CAS: 945424-04-4)], Pigment Yellow135 [(CAS: 945424-77-1)], Pigment Yellow 136 [(CAS: 181285-33-6)],Pigment Yellow 140 [(CAS: 945425-58-1)], Pigment Yellow 141 [(CAS:945425-59-2)], Pigment Yellow 142 [(CAS: 177020-91-6)], Pigment Yellow143 [(CAS: 945425-60-5)], Pigment Yellow 144 [(CAS: 945425-61-6)],Pigment Yellow 145 [(CAS: 115742-72-8)], Pigment Yellow 146 [(CAS:945425-66-1)], Pigment Yellow 149 [(CAS: 945425-67-2)], Pigment Yellow150 [(CAS: 939382-97-5)], Pigment Yellow 151 [(CAS: 31837-42-0)],Pigment Yellow 154 [(CAS: 68134-22-5)], Pigment Yellow 156 [(CAS:63661-26-7)], Pigment Yellow 165 [(CAS: 865763-85-5)], Pigment Yellow166 [(CAS: 76233-82-4)], Pigment Yellow 170 [(CAS: 31775-16-3)], PigmentYellow 171 [(CAS: 53815-04-6)], Pigment Yellow 172 [(CAS: 76233-80-2)],Pigment Yellow 175 [(CAS: 35636-63-6)], Pigment Yellow 178 [(CAS:945425-73-0)], Pigment Yellow 17 [(CAS: 221358-38-9)], Pigment Yellow 18[(CAS: 1326-11-0)], Pigment Yellow 18 [(CAS: 68310-89-4)], PigmentYellow 186 [(CAS: 945425-92-3)], Pigment Yellow 187 [(CAS:131439-24-2)], Pigment Yellow 189 [(CAS: 69011-05-8)], Pigment Yellow191 [(CAS: 1051932-58-1)], Pigment Yellow 195 [(CAS: 135668-58-5)],Pigment Yellow 196 [(CAS: 945425-96-7)], Pigment Yellow 197 [(CAS:945425-97-8)], Pigment Yellow 198 [(CAS: 516493-10-0)], Pigment Yellow20 [(CAS: 61512-63-8)], Pigment Yellow 200 [(CAS: 945425-98-9)], PigmentYellow 201 [(CAS: 945425-99-0)], Pigment Yellow 204 [(CAS:945426-05-1)], Pigment Yellow 205 [(CAS: 945426-18-6)], Pigment Yellow206 [(CAS: 945426-19-7)], Pigment Yellow 207 [(CAS: 945426-23-3)],Pigment Yellow 208 [(CAS: 945426-25-5)], Pigment Yellow 209 [(CAS:945426-27-7)], Pigment Yellow 21 [(CAS: 945421-49-8)], Pigment Yellow210 [(CAS: 945426-35-7)], Pigment Yellow 211 [(CAS: 945426-36-8)],Pigment Yellow 212 [(CAS: 945426-37-9)], Pigment Yellow 214 [(CAS:577980-23-5)], Pigment Yellow 215 [(CAS: 913621-26-8)], Pigment Yellow216 [(CAS: 817181-98-9)], Pigment Yellow 217 [(CAS: 945426-39-1)],Pigment Yellow 219 [(CAS: 874963-72-1)], Pigment Yellow 221 [(CAS:945426-41-5)], Pigment Yellow 223 [(CAS: 2095507-47-2)], Pigment Yellow224 [(CAS: 1207669-05-3)], Pigment Yellow 23 [(CAS: 4981-43-5)], PigmentYellow 231 [(CAS: 2148300-50-7)], Pigment Yellow 25 [(CAS:945421-63-6)], Pigment Yellow 26 [(CAS: 945421-64-7)], Pigment Yellow 27[(CAS: 945421-65-8)], Pigment Yellow 28 [(CAS: 945421-66-9)], PigmentYellow 29 [(CAS: 945421-67-0)], Pigment Yellow 34 [(CAS: 147858-25-1)],Pigment Yellow 36 [(CAS: 37300-23-5)], Pigment Yellow 37 [(CAS:68859-25-6)], Pigment Yellow 40 [(CAS: 13782-01-9)], Pigment Yellow 47[(CAS: 12060-00-3)], Pigment Yellow 50 [(CAS: 945421-71-6)], PigmentYellow 51 [(CAS: 945421-76-1)], Pigment Yellow 56 [(CAS: 12225-09-1)],Pigment Yellow 58 [(CAS: 12225-11-5)], Pigment Yellow 61 [(CAS:12286-65-6)], Pigment Yellow 72 [(CAS: 945421-81-8)], Pigment Yellow 79[(CAS: 331414-25-6)], Pigment Yellow 8 [(CAS: 71872-65-6)], PigmentYellow 80 [(CAS: 945421-85-2)], Pigment Yellow 82 [(CAS: 12225-14-8)],Pigment Yellow 84 [(CAS: 945421-87-4)], Pigment Yellow 85 [(CAS:12286-67-8)], Pigment Yellow 86 [(CAS: 12286-68-9)], Pigment Yellow 86[(CAS: 5280-65-9)], Pigment Yellow 88 [(CAS: 945422-67-3)], PigmentYellow 89 [(CAS: 945422-85-5)], Pigment Yellow 90 [(CAS: 713104-87-1)],Pigment Yellow 91 [(CAS: 945423-18-7)], Pigment Yellow 96 [(CAS:12213-63-7)], Pigment Yellow 97 [(CAS: 12225-18-2)], Pigment Yellow 99[(CAS: 12225-20-6)]

The pigment(s) used in the color composition can include at least twodifferent pigments selected from the above pigment group, or can includeat least three different pigments selected from the above pigment group.According to an embodiment, the pigment(s) used in the color compositioncan include at least one yellow pigment selected from the yellow pigmentgroup consisting of: a Pigment Yellow 83 (CI 21108), CAS #5567-15-7,Pigment Yellow 155 (C.I. 200310), (CAS: 68516-73-4), Pigment Yellow 180(C.I. 21290), (CAS: 77804-81-0).

In addition to the at least one yellow pigment, or alternatively, thepigments(s) used in the color composition can include at least one redpigment selected from the red pigment group consisting of: Pigment Red 5(CI 12490), (CAS #6410-41-9), Pigment Red 112 (CI 12370), (CAS#6535-46-2), Pigment Red 122 (CI 73915), (CAS #980-26-7).

In addition to the at least one yellow pigment and/or the at least onered pigment, or alternatively, the pigments(s) used in the colorcomposition can include at least one green pigment selected from thegreen pigment group consisting of: Pigment Green 36, (C.I. 74265), (CAS:14302-13-7).

In addition to the at least one yellow pigment and/or the at least onered pigment and or the at least one green pigment, or alternatively, thepigments(s) used in the color composition can include at least one bluepigment selected from the blue pigment group consisting of: Pigment Blue16, (CAS: 424827-05-4), Pigment Blue 60 (C.I. 69800), (CAS: 81-77-6),Pigment Blue 66, (C.I. 73000), (CAS: 482-89-3)

In addition to the at least one yellow pigment and/or the at least onered pigment and/or the at least one green pigment, and/or the at leastone blue pigment or alternatively, the pigments(s) used in the colorcomposition can include at least one black pigment selected from theblack pigment group consisting of: Pigment Black 6 (C.I. 77266), (CAS1333-86-4), Pigment Black 7 (C.I. 77266), (CAS 1333-86-4).

The pigment(s) can optionally have a surface zeta potential of ≥±15 mV,preferably ≥±20 mV, more preferably ≥±25 mV. The surface zeta potentialcan be measured with a zetasizer, for example, a Zetasizer 3000 HS.Surface zeta potential measurements are conducted, for example,according to ISO 13099.

For example, the white or colored organic pigments can be chosen fromcarmine, carbon black, aniline black, melanin, azo yellow, quinacridone,phthalocyanin blue, sorghum red, the blue pigments codified in the ColorIndex under the references CI 42090, 69800, 69825, 73000, 74100, and74160, the yellow pigments codified in the Color Index under thereferences CI 11680, 11710, 15985, 19140, 20040, 21090, 21100, 21108,47000, 47005 and 77492.

The green pigments codified in the Color Index under the references CI61565, 61570, 74265, and 74260, the orange pigments codified in theColor Index under the references CI 11725,12075, 15510, 45370, and71105, the red pigments codified in the Color Index under the referencesCI 12085, 12120, 12370, 12420, 12490, 14700, 15525, 15580, 15585, 15620,15630, 15800, 15850, 15865, 15880, 17200, 26100, 45380, 45410, 45430,58000, 73360, 73915, 75470, and 77491

Non-limiting examples that can also be mentioned include pigmentarypastes of organic pigments, such as the products sold by the companyHoechst under the names: JAUNE COSMENYL IOG: Pigment Yellow 3 (CI11710); JAUNE COSMENYL G: Pigment Yellow 1 (CI 11680); ORANGE COSMENYLGR: Pigment Orange 43 (CI 71105); ROUGE COSMENYL R: Pigment Red 4 (CI12085); CARMINE COSMENYL FB: Pigment Red 5 (CI 12490); VIOLET COSMENYLRL: Pigment Violet 23 (CI 51319); BLEU COSMENYL A2R: Pigment Blue 15.1(CI 74160); VERT COSMENYL GG: Pigment Green 7 (CI 74260); and NOIRCOSMENYL R: Pigment Black 7 (CI 77266).

The at least one pigment in accordance with the present disclosure canalso be in the form of at least one composite pigment as described inEuropean Patent Publication No. EP 1 184 426 A2. These compositepigments can be, for example, compounds of particles comprising amineral core, at least one binder for ensuring the binding of theorganic pigments to the core, and at least one organic pigment at leastpartially covering the core.

The at least one pigment in accordance with the present disclosure canbe in the form of small undissolved microparticles, which do not diffuseinto the hair color, but deposit on the outer wall of the keratin fiber.Suitable color pigments can be of organic and/or inorganic origin. Butthe pigments can also be inorganic color pigments, given the excellentlight, weather and/or temperature resistance thereof.

Inorganic pigments, whether natural or synthetic in origin, includethose produced from chalk, red ocher, umbra, green earth, burnt siennaor graphite, for example. Furthermore, it is possible to use blackpigments, such as iron oxide black, color pigments such as ultramarineor iron oxide red, and fluorescent or phosphorescent pigments asinorganic color pigments.

Colored metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal oxide hydrates, mixedphase pigments, sulfurous silicates, silicates, metal sulfides, complexmetal cyanides, metal sulfates, metal chromates and/or metal molybdatesare particularly suitable. In particular, preferred color pigments areblack iron oxide (CI 77499), yellow iron oxide (CI 77492), red and browniron oxide (CI 77491), manganese violet (CI 77742), ultramarine (sodiumaluminum sulfosilicates, CI 77007, Pigment Blue 29), chromium oxidehydrate (CI 77289), iron blue (ferric ferrocyanide, CI 77510) and/orcarmine (cochineal).

The at least one pigment can also be colored pearlescent pigments. Theseare usually mica-based and can be coated with one or more metal oxidesfrom the group consisting of titanium dioxide (CI 77891), black ironoxide (CI 77499), yellow iron oxide (CI 77492), red and brown iron oxide(CI 77491, CI 77499), manganese violet (CI 77742), ultramarine (sodiumaluminum sulfosilicates, CI 77007, Pigment Blue 29), chromium oxidehydrate (CI 77289), chromium oxide (CI 77288) and/or iron blue (ferricferrocyanide, CI 77510).

Mica forms part of the phyllosilicates, including muscovite, phlogopite,paragonite, biotite, lepidolite, and margarite. To produce thepearlescent pigments in combination with metal oxides, the mica,primarily muscovite or phlogopite, is coated with a metal oxide.

As an alternative to natural mica, it is also optionally possible to usesynthetic mica coated with one or more metal oxides as the pearlescentpigment. Such suitable pearlescent pigments based on natural micas aredescribed in, e.g., WO 2005/065632. The at least one pigment can also bepearlescent pigments based on natural or synthetic mica and are coatedwith one or more of the aforementioned metal oxides. The color of therespective pigments can be varied by varying the layer thickness of themetal oxide or metal oxides.

The at least one pigment can also be at least one inorganic colorpigment selected from the group consisting of colored metal oxides,metal hydroxides, metal oxide hydrates, silicates, metal sulfides,complex metal cyanides, metal sulfates, bronze pigments and/or coloredpigments based on mica, which are coated with at least one metal oxideand/or a metal oxychloride.

The at least one pigment can also be at least one mica-based coloredpigment, which is coated with one or more metal oxides from the groupconsisting of titanium dioxide (CI 77891), black iron oxide (CI 77499),yellow iron oxide (CI 77492), red and/or brown iron oxide (CI 77491, CI77499), manganese violet (CI 77742), ultramarine (sodium aluminumsulfosilicates, CI 77007, Pigment Blue 29), chromium oxide hydrate (CI77289), chromium oxide (CI 77288) and/or iron blue (ferric ferrocyanide,CI 77510).

The at least one pigment can also be color pigments commerciallyavailable, for example, under the trade names Rona®, Colorona®,Dichrona® and Timiron® from Merck, Ariabel® and Unipure® from Sensient,Prestige® from Eckart Cosmetic Colors, and Sunshine® from Sunstar.

The at least one pigment can also be color pigments bearing the tradename Colorona® are, for example: Colorona Copper, Merck, MICA, CI 77491(IRON OXIDES); Colorona Passion Orange, Merck, Mica, CI 77491 (IronOxides), Alumina; Colorona Patina Silver, Merck, MICA, CI 77499 (IRONOXIDES), CI 77891 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE); Colorona RY, Merck, CI 77891(TITANIUM DIOXIDE), MICA, CI 75470 (CARMINE); Colorona Oriental Beige,Merck, MICA, CI 77891 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE), CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES);Colorona Dark Blue, Merck, MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, FERRIC FERROCYANIDE;Colorona Chameleon, Merck, CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES), MICA; ColoronaAborigine Amber, Merck, MICA, CI 77499 (IRON OXIDES), CI 77891 (TITANIUMDIOXIDE); Colorona Blackstar Blue, Merck, CI 77499 (IRON OXIDES), MICA;Colorona Patagonian Purple, Merck, MICA, CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES), CI77891 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE), CI 77510 (FERRIC FERROCYANIDE); Colorona RedBrown, Merck, MICA, CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES), CI 77891 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE);Colorona Russet, Merck, CI 77491 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE), MICA, CI 77891(IRON OXIDES); Colorona Imperial Red, Merck, MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (CI77891), D&C RED NO. 30 (CI 73360); Colorona Majestic Green, Merck, CI77891 (TITANIUM DIOXIDE), MICA, CI 77288 (CHROMIUM OXIDE GREENS);Colorona Light Blue, Merck, MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (CI 77891), FERRICFERROCYANIDE (CI 77510); Colorona Red Gold, Merck, MICA, CI 77891(TITANIUM DIOXIDE), CI 77491 (IRON); Colorona Gold Plus MP 25, Merck,MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (CI 77891), IRON OXIDES (CI 77491); ColoronaCarmine Red, Merck, MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, CARMINE Colorona BlackstarGreen, Merck, MICA, CI 77499 (IRON OXIDES); Colorona Bordeaux, Merck,MICA, CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES); Colorona Bronze, Merck, MICA, CI 77491(IRON OXIDES); Colorona Bronze Fine, Merck, MICA, CI 77491 (IRONOXIDES); Colorona Fine Gold MP 20, Merck, MICA, CI 77891 (TITANIUMDIOXIDE), CI 77491 (IRON OXIDES); Colorona Sienna Fine, Merck, CI 77491(IRON OXIDES), MICA Colorona Sienna, Merck, MICA, CI 77491 (IRONOXIDES); Colorona Precious Gold, Merck, Mica, CI 77891 (Titaniumdioxide), Silica, CI 77491 (Iron oxides), Tin oxide; Colorona Sun GoldSparkle MP 29, Merck, MICA, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, IRON OXIDES, MICA, CI77891, CI 77491 (EU); Colorona Mica Black, Merck, CI 77499 (Ironoxides), Mica, CI 77891 (Titanium dioxide) Colorona Bright Gold, Merck,Mica, CI 77891 (Titanium dioxide), CI 77491 (Iron oxides); ColoronaBlackstar Gold, Merck, MICA, CI 77499 (IRON OXIDES); color pigmentsbearing the trade name Unipure® are, for example: Unipure Red LC 381 EM,Sensient CI 77491 (Iron Oxides), Silica; Unipure Black LC 989 EM,Sensient, CI 77499 (Iron Oxides), Silica; Unipure Yellow LC 182 EM,Sensient, CI 77492 (Iron Oxides), Silica.

Depending on the degree of the change in color that is desired on thekeratin fiber, the at least one pigment can also be can be used invarying amounts. The more color pigment that is used, the higher is theextent of the change in color in general. Starting at a certain usageamount, however, the adherence of the pigments to the keratin fiberapproaches a limiting value, beyond which it is no longer possible toincrease the extent of the change in color by further increasing thepigment amount used. While not wishing to be bound by any specifictheory, it is believed that when a certain thickness is achieved, aninsignificant amount of the incident lights passes through the pigmentlayer to make a difference to the observed color due to the hair itself.The rest of the light is either scattered back towards the surface, orabsorbed.

The at least one pigment can be partially (Scheme 1, (b), where the darkoval represents a pigment, even though the pigment can be white orcolorless) or completely enveloped in a matrix (e.g., a polymer matrixor an inorganic matrix; (Scheme 1, (a)). Or the pigment can be adheredto the surface of a matrix that can be colored or colorless (Scheme 1(c)).

The matrix can be, e.g., CaCO₃, MnCO₃. Or the matrix can be a melamineformaldehyde matrix.

In another example, the at least one pigment can be encapsulated insilica, as described in Published U.S. Appl. No. 2007/0134180. Otherexamples of encapsulated pigments include encapsulated Carmine, IronOxides, Titanium dioxide, and Chrome Oxide/Hydroxide, the colorants D&CRed 21 Aluminum Lake, D&C Red 7 Calcium Lake, D&C Green 6 Liposoluble,and Aluminium Blue #1 (Indigo Carmine Lake). The encapsulated pigmentcan be titanium dioxide (used to lighten other pigments and to lendopacity to formulations) in any one of its mineral forms anatase,brookite or rutile, or mixtures thereof. Or the pigment can be at leastone iron oxide in any of the 3 basic colors—red, black and yellow ironoxides, or mixtures thereof. From these 3 oxides and the addition oftitanium dioxide, any shade of brown (skin tones) can be achieved.

The organic pigment can also be a lake. As used herein, the term “lake”means at least one dye adsorbed onto insoluble particles, the assemblythus obtained remaining insoluble during use. The inorganic substratesonto which the dyes are adsorbed can be, for example, alumina, silica,calcium sodium borosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, calciumcarbonate, manganese carbonate, aluminum, nitro-dyes, triarylmethindyes, Azo-dyes, Anthrazen, Acid dyes, polymethine dyes, triarylmethindyes, aza annulene dyes and polymethine dyes.

Among the dyes, non-limiting mention can be made of cochineal carmine.Non-limiting mention can also be made of the dyes known under thefollowing names: D&C Red 21 (CI 45 380), D&C Orange 5 (CI 45 370), D&CRed 27 (CI 45 410), D&C Orange 10 (CI 45 425), D&C Red 3 (CI 45 430),D&C Red 4 (CI 15 510), D&C Red 33 (CI 17 200), D&C Yellow 5 (CI 19 140),D&C Yellow 6 (CI 15 985), D&C Green (CI 61 570), D&C Yellow 1 O (CI 77002), D&C Green 3 (CI 42 053), and D&C Blue 1 (CI 42 090). Anon-limiting example of a lake that can be mentioned is the productknown under the following name: D&C Red 7 (CI 15 850:1).

The at least one pigment can also be a pigment with special effects. Asused herein, the term “pigments with special effects” means pigmentsthat generally create a non-uniform colored appearance (characterized bya certain shade, a certain vivacity, and a certain lightness) thatchanges as a function of the conditions of observation (light,temperature, observation angles, etc.). They thus contrast with white orcolored pigments that afford a standard uniform opaque,semi-transparent, or transparent shade.

Several types of pigments with special effects exist, including thosewith a low refractive index, such as fluorescent, photochromic, orthermochromic pigments, and those with a high refractive index, such asnacres or glitter flakes. Examples of pigments with special effects ofwhich non-limiting mention can be made include nacreous pigments such asmica coated with titanium or with bismuth oxychloride, colored nacreouspigments such as titanium mica with iron oxides, titanium mica forexample with ferric blue or with chromium oxide, titanium mica with anorganic pigment of the abovementioned type, and also nacreous pigmentsbased on bismuth oxychloride. Nacreous pigments of which non-limitingmention can be made include the CELLINI nacres sold by Engelhard(mica-TiO₂-lake), PRESTIGE sold by Eckart (mica-TiO₂), PRESTIGE BRONZEsold by Eckart (mica-Fe₂O₃), and COLORONA sold by Merck(mica-TiO₂—Fe₂O₃).

In addition to nacres on a mica support, multilayer pigments based onsynthetic substrates such as alumina, silica, sodium calciumborosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum, can beenvisaged.

Non-limiting mention can also be made of pigments with an interferenceeffect that are not fixed onto a substrate, for instance liquid crystals(HELICONES HC from Wacker) and holographic interference flakes(GEOMETRIC PIGMENTS or SPECTRA F/X from Spectratek). Pigments withspecial effects also comprise fluorescent pigments, whether these aresubstances that are fluorescent in daylight or that produce anultraviolet fluorescence, phosphorescent pigments, photochromicpigments, thermochromic pigments, and quantum dots, sold, for example,by the company Quantum Dots Corporation.

Quantum dots are luminescent semiconductive nanoparticles capable ofemitting, under light excitation, irradiation with a wavelength rangingfrom 400 nm to 700 nm. These nanoparticles are known from theliterature. They can be manufactured, for example, according to theprocesses described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,225,198 or5,990,479, in the publications cited therein, and also in the followingpublications: Dabboussi B. O. et al. “(CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots:synthesis and characterization of a size series of highly luminescentnanocrystallites” Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 101, 1997 pp.9463-9475 and Peng, Xiaogang et al. “Epitaxial growth of highlyluminescent CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals with photostability andelectronic accessibility”, Journal of the American Chemical Society,vol. 119, No. 30, pp. 7019-7029.

The variety of pigments that can be used in the present disclosure makesit possible to obtain a wide range of colors, and also optical effectssuch as metallic effects or interference effects.

The pigments that can be used in the present disclosure can transmitlight of various wavelengths, including visible light (e.g., lighthaving a wavelength of above 350 nm). The pigment(s) can also transmitlight of certain wavelengths, but also reflect light of certainwavelengths. And the pigment(s) can also be 100% reflective. Forexamples, reflective pigments provide a high specular reflection ofvisible light. Reflective pigments include those that are partially orcompletely coated with a non-matt and non-scattering surface layer of ametal or metal oxide. The substrate can be chosen from glasses,ceramics, graphite, metal oxides, aluminas, silicas, silicates,especially aluminosilicates and borosilicates and synthetic mica (e.g.,fluorophlogopite), to name a few. The metal or metal oxide can be,without limitation, titanium oxides, iron oxides, tin oxide, chromiumoxide, barium sulfate, MgF₂, CeF₃, ZnS, ZnSe, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, MgO, Y₂O₃,SeO₃, SiO, HfO₂, ZrO₂, CeO₂, Nb₂O₅, Ta₂O₅ and MoS₂, and mixturesthereof. Reflective pigments can have a spectral reflectance in thevisible spectrum of at least 70%.

Other reflective pigments include those having non-goniochromaticlayered structure of two or more polymeric and/or metallic layers ofdifferent refractive indices. For example, reflective particlescomprising layers of 2,6-polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and ofpolymethyl (meth)acrylate are sold by 3M under the name Mirror Glitter™.Other effect pigments are available under the trade name MetasomesStandard/Glitter in various colors (yellow, red, green, blue) from FloraTech.

Color Gamut for Pigment Blends

CIE L*a*b* (CIELAB) is a color space specified by the InternationalCommission on Illumination. It describes all the colors visible to thehuman eye and serves as a device-independent model to be used as areference.

The three coordinates of CIELAB represent the lightness of the color(L*=0 yields black and L*=100 indicates diffuse white; specular whitemay be higher), its position between red/magenta and green (a*, negativevalues indicate green while positive values indicate magenta) and itsposition between yellow and blue (b*, negative values indicate blue andpositive values indicate yellow).

Since the L*a*b* model is a three-dimensional model, it can berepresented properly only in a three-dimensional space. Two-dimensionaldepictions include chromaticity diagrams: sections of the color solidwith a fixed lightness.

Because the red-green and yellow-blue opponent channels are computed asdifferences of lightness transformations of (putative) cone responses,CIELAB is a chromatic value color space.

In the present invention, the color gamut is determined by adding eachpigment to be tested in the hair coloring composition, and thenindividually tested at a level such that when applied to hair, theresulting CIELAB lightness or L* value of the colored hair is 60±2. Thelevel of pigment needed will depend on the pigment being tested. Twohair tresses (Kerling, Natural White special quality) have the haircoloring composition applied as described in the present invention. AMinolta spectrophotometer CM-2600d is used to measure the color of thedried hair tresses, five points on both the front and back sides, andthe values averaged. The D65 L*a*b values are calculated. When at leastthree pigments have each been measured such that their resulting colorreside within the target L* values of 60±2 the color gamut can becalculated. First the lengths of each side of the resulting triangle ofeach combination of three pigments in the a*b plane are computed usingthe following expressions. To calculate the distance between pigments 1and pigment 2 the following equation is used:Side Length SL₁₂=((a _(pigment 1) −a _(pigment 2))²+(b _(pigment 1) −b_(pigment 2))²)^(0.5).This is computed for each pair of pigments. Then for a series of threepigments.

The resulting color gamut is calculated using the expression:Color Gamut=(S(S−SL₁₂)(S−SL₁₃)(S−SL₂₃))^(0.5)wherein SL₁₂, SL₁₃, and SL₂₃ are the three lengths of the sides of thetriangle within the a*b plane, and S=(SL₁₂+SL₁₃+SL₂₃)/2. Where more thanthree pigments are used, this calculation can be performed for eachcombination of the three pigment from the more than three pigments used,and the largest Color Gamut is selected.

The hair coloring composition embodiments of the present invention canalso have a color gamut of greater than 250, greater than 500, greaterthan 750, greater than 800, greater than 900, greater than 1100 or evengreater than 1250.

Experiments Performed for Color Gamut

Using the above expression, for each combination of three pigmentspossible from Color Gamut Tables 1, as illustrated below, the colorgamut at a nominal L value of 60 was calculated.

Color Gamut Table 1: Pigment Name Supplier wt% L a b level Blue 15 PVFast Blue BG-NIP Clariant 0.155 59.3 -18.7 -2.1 Blue 16 PhthalocyanineCarbosynth 0.280 59.4 -17.3 1.5 Blue 66 Indigo 229296 Aldrich 0.105 60.0-3.1 6.8 Blue 60 Paliogen Blau L 6482 BASF 0.260 60.7 -3.9 5.9 Black 7Midnight Black Geotech 0.045 59.8 0.0 12.3 Green 36 Heliogen Green K9362 BASF 0.509 60.1 -32.8 20.2 Red 112 Permanent Red FGR 250 Clariant0.150 60.1 29.8 18.8 Red 122 Hostaperm Pink E02- Clariant 0.140 59.524.9 6.1 EDW VP4034 Violet 19 Ink Jet Magenta ESB 02 Clariant M250 0.20060.6 28.1 10.1 Red 5 Permanent Carmine FB01 Clariant 0.140 59.7 30.114.4 Yellow 155 Ink Jet Yellow 4GC Clariant 16.92 61.8 9.6 74.4 Yellow83 Novoperm Yellow HR 70 Clariant 1.059 60.0 12.5 61.8 Yellow 180 TonerYellow HG Clariant 9.16 61.4 11.2 72.8These were formulated within an example formulation described laterusing an appropriate level of first and second components thirdcompositions.A few examples are exemplified of combinations of pigments and theirresulting color gamut. One skilled in the art would be able to performthis for all of the possible permutations of pigments that are assessedaccording the description above.FIGS. 1 to 4 show plots of color gamut triangles created for a series ofthree pigment selections.

FIG. 1 shows that a combination of Pigment Green 36, Pigment Yellow 83and Pigment Red 122 a large triangle is plotted in the a*b* color planewith an area of 1520.

FIG. 2 shows that a combination of Pigment Green 36, Pigment Yellow 83and Pigment Blue 60 gives a smaller triangle win an area of 925.

FIG. 3 shows that a combination of Pigment Black 7, Pigment Yellow 83and Pigment Red 122 gives a smaller triangle win an area of 655.

FIG. 4 shows that a combination of Pigment Black 7, Pigment Blue 60 andPigment Red 122 gives a smaller triangle win an area of 92.

A second series of example are made for how to assess more than threepigments and their resulting color gamut. When plotted a series oftriangles can be plotted as shown and for each the areas is assessed.For such a system the color gamut is defined as the largest of thetriangles formed.

FIG. 5 shows that a combination of Pigment Green 36, Pigment Yellow 83,Pigment Blue 60 and Pigment Red 122 a series of triangles are plottedwith areas of 803, 925, 209 and 1520. The color gamut of this pigmentsystem is 1520. [Alterative calculation of total area would yield, 1728]

FIG. 6 shows that a combination of Pigment Black 7, Pigment Yellow 83,Pigment Blue 60 and Pigment Red 122 a series of triangles are plottedwith areas of 803, 57, 92 and 655. The color gamut of the pigment systemis 803 [alternative approach would be the same]

E. The pH

The bicomponent composition embodiments in accordance with the presentdisclosure can have a pH ranging from about 3 to about 12, preferablyabout 4 to about 10 and in many embodiments 6.8 or higher. For example,the pH can be 8 or higher, 9 or higher or at most 12. In some examples,the bicomponent composition embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention can have a pH of from about 7 to about 10, about 5 to about 11or about 6 to about 8.

The bicomponent composition in accordance with the present disclosurecan comprise a pH modifier and/or buffering agent. The amount issufficiently effective to adjust the pH of the composition/formulation.Suitable pH modifiers and/or buffering agents for use herein include,but are not limited to: ammonia, alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine,diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine,tripropanolamine, tripropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3,-propandiol and guanidium salts, alkalimetal and ammonium hydroxides and carbonates, such as sodium hydroxide,sodium silicate, sodium meta silicate and ammonium carbonate, and acidssuch as inorganic and inorganic acids, e.g., phosphoric acid, aceticacid, ascorbic acid, citric acid or tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid,and mixtures thereof.

F. Dispersants

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that careful and selectivechoice of dispersant can help to maximize performance in terms ofmaximizing the amount of color produced from an immobilized film,maximizing the remanence or washfastness, and enabling removal of thecolor.

For example, in the case where the binder polymer is anionic in nature,dispersants which are anionic or nonionic are preferably chosen, ratherthan cationic, as this avoids undesired precipitation in the formulaprior to it forming a colored film on the keratin—i.e. utilizing theprinciple of avoiding opposing charges.

Likewise, the principle of choosing chemically similar dispersant andbinder (for example, a silicone binder paired with a siliconedispersant, can be followed to ensure maximum compatibility.

As well as compatibility as noted above, the other critical criterion inselecting dispersant(s) is their ability to enable pigment to bedispersed down to the primary particle size, preferably with the minimumamount of input mechanical energy. It will be recognized by someoneskilled in the art that the concentration of dispersing agent is also acritical factor. In general it is usually required that there is aminium amount for dispersing activity and that below this, the system iseither not fully dispersed or, worse, that the dispersant acts as aflocculant.

These two considerations together are used to define preferred materialsand their respective concentrations.

It may also be the case, depending on the type of binder polymer used,that the binder itself is also a dispersant (see below for discussion ofclasses of dispersant). In such cases it is possible that no furtherdispersing additive may be needed.

Overview of Dispersant Kinds, Properties and Chemistry

Dispersants are amphiphilic or amphiphathic meaning that they arechemical compounds possessing both hydrophilic (water-loving, polar) andlipophilic (fat-loving) properties. Dispersants are surface-activepolymers that allow the homogeneous distribution and stabilization ofsolids, e.g. pigments in a liquid medium (like a binder), by loweringthe interfacial tension between the two components. As a result,agglomerates are broken up into primary particles and protected by aprotecting dispersant envelope of a re-agglomeration.

The dispersants can be subdivided on the basis of the stabilizationmechanism in

1. dispersants for electrostatic stabilization

-   -   a. Anionic dispersing additives        -   i. Polyacrylates        -   ii. Polyphosphates    -   b. Neutral dispersing additives    -   c. Cationic dispersing additives

2. Dispersants for steric stabilization

Electrostatic Stabilization

The pigment surface is occupied by an additive carrying an ionic charge.All pigment particles are charged the same. The mutual repulsion by thecharge is greater than the attractions of the pigment particles. Theelectrostatic stabilization has its relevance mostly in water-basedpaint systems.

-   -   Polyanionic dispersing additives: polycarboxylates (mostly salts        of polyacrylic acids), polyphosphates divided into linear        polyphosphates and cyclic metaphosphates, polyacrylates    -   salts of polyacrylic acid, as cations, sodium and ammonium are        preferred, these polyacrylates are water-soluble, technical        products have molecular weights in the range of 2000 to 20,000        g/mol, optimum is about 8000 g/mol    -   Sodium and ammonium salts of the homo- or copolymers of acrylic        acid, methacrylic acid or maleic acid        Steric Stabilization

The attractive forces between the pigment particles are effective onlyover relatively small distances of the particles from each other. Theapproach of two particles to each other can be prevented by moleculesthat are firmly anchored to the pigment surface and carry groups thatextend from the surface and may reduce the potential for the pigments tocontact one another. By sufficiently long chain lengths, agglomerationcan be prevented.

-   -   Water-soluble polymers    -   Block or graft copolymers, so-called AB block copolymers    -   Example: AB block polymer of 2-vinylpyridine and methacrylic        acid ester    -   Example: AB block copolymer of polyester (based caprolactam) and        triethylenetetramine    -   Typical functional groups for the A segment are carboxyl, amine,        sulfate and phosphate for inogenous bonds or polyether and        polyamide for hydrogen bonds. B represents the solvated side        chain, molecular weights 1000 to 15000 g/mol, e.g. modified        polyacrylates or polyhydroxystearates    -   Hydrophilic moieties (e.g., polyethers) and pigment affinic        groups (e.g. Groups) containing oligomers or polymers.

The following types are distinguished according to the number of monomertypes used in the production:

-   -   Homopolymers: only one kind of monomer    -   Copolymers: two monomers    -   Terpolymers: three monomers

Classification according to distribution of the monomers in the polymer:

-   -   Statistical polymers: A and B segments are distributed        arbitrarily    -   Block polymers: the monomers are grouped into blocks    -   Graft polymers: these consist of a linear homopolymer backbone        on which side chains of other monomer blocks are grafted

Some examples of dispersants for solvent-based systems are:

-   -   oligomeric titanates and silanes for inorganic pigments with OH        or carboxy groups.    -   Oligomeric polymeric carboxylic acids for inorganic pigments        (cationic).    -   Polyamines for inorganic pigments, e.g., cationic polymers.    -   Salts of long-chain polyamines and polycarboxylic acids for        inorganic and organic pigments (electroneutral).    -   Amine/amide-functional polyesters/polyacrylates for the        stabilization of organic pigments.

Some examples of dispersants for aqueous systems are:

-   -   Inorganic dispersants such as fine-grained CaCO3, Ca3 (PO4) 2,        polyphosphates, polyphosphoric acids.    -   Nonionic surfactants such as ethoxlyated fatty alcohol (e.g.        Neodol 25-9), ethoxylated oils (e.g. ethxylated castor oil under        the tradename Cremophore RH410)    -   Block and graft copolymers of the type having distinct        hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks (e.g. ethylene        oxide-propylene oxide polymers under the tradename Poloxamer)    -   Anionic surfactants consisting of the unethoxylated or        ethoxylated salts of acids (e.g. sodium ceteth-10-phosphate        under the tradename Crodafos).

Examples and classes of nonionic surfactants that can function asdispersants include oligomers (e.g., example, oligomers have up to 20monomeric units, polymers have at least 20 monomeric units), polymers,and/or a mixture of several thereof, bearing at least one functionalgroup with strong affinity for the surface of the pigmentmicroparticles. For example, they can physically or chemically attach tothe surface of the pigment microparticles. These dispersants alsocontain at least one functional group that is compatible with or solublein the continuous medium. For example, 12-hydroxystearic acid esters andC₈ to C₂₀ fatty acid esters of polyols such as glycerol or diglycerolare used, such as poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) stearate with a molecularweight of about 750 g/mol, such as the product sold under the nameSOLSPERSE 21,000 by the company Avecia, polyglyceryl-2dipolyhydroxystearate (CTFA name) sold under the reference DEHYMYLS PGPHby the company Henkel, or polyhydroxystearic acid such as the productsold under the reference ARLACEL P100 by the company Uniqema, andmixtures thereof. Similar dispersants will function to disperse thepolar functional silicone polymers that are not readily dispersibleand/or are not at least partially soluble in aqueous media.

The foregoing dispersant category involving cationic polymers includespolymers such as quaternary ammonium polymers. Examples of quaternaryammonium derivatives of polycondensed fatty acids include, such as forinstance, SOLSPERSE 17,000 sold by the company Avecia, andpolydimethylsiloxane/oxypropylene mixtures such as those sold by thecompany Dow Corning under the references DC2-5185 and DC2-5225 C.

The dispersant can be a polyolefin polymer. These dispersants includebut are not limited to an olefinic polymer having a molecular weight ofabout 100 g/mol to about 5,000,000 g/mol, such as about 1,000 g/mol toabout 1,000,000 g/mol. Examples of polymers, include, but are notlimited to poly(ethylene), poly(propylene), poly(butylene),poly(isobutylene), poly(isoprene), poly(acetal), poly(ethylene glycol),poly(propylene glycol), poly(butylene glycol), poly(methylmethacrylate),poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(vinylalcohol), poly(styrene), poly(maleicanhydride), poly(ethylmethacrylate), poly(isobutylmethacrylate),poly(methacrylate), poly(butylmethacrylate), poly(n-butylmethacrylate),poly(vinyl butyrate), poly(vinyl chloride), polysiloxane, and mixturesthereof. The polymers can be random, block, or alternating copolymers.In some embodiments, the polymer is a co-polymer that is made from twoor more different monomers, such as the monomers that make the polymersdescribed above. Examples of co-polymers include, but are not limited topolyethers, polyesters, polyamides, acrylics, and polystyrenes. Theco-polymer can be alternating monomers, random, or block. Examplesinclude a polyether of alternating or block PEO, PPO groups. Examples ofacidic groups include, but are not limited to, carboxylic acids,sulfinic acids, sulfonic acids, phosphonic acids, phosphate esters,maleic anhydrides, and succinic anhydride. In some embodiments, thedispersive additive comprises a group selected from phosphonate,phosphate, phosphite, phosphine, and phosphate ester, such as aphosphate, phosphite, and phosphonic acid. In some embodiments, theacidic group has been converted into a salt.

Representative dispersants are also available from a variety ofsuppliers, and include various nonionic (e.g., ethoxylated) and anionic(e.g., non-ethoxylated salt) forms including agents from Air Productsand Chemicals, Inc. (e.g., SURFYNOL™ PSA336); Archer Daniels Midland Co.(e.g., ULTRALEC™ F deoiled lecithin); Ashland Inc. (e.g., NEKAL™WS-25-I, which is a sodium bis(2,6-dimethyl 4heptyl)sulfosuccinate);BASF (e.g., DISPEX™ AA 4144, DISPEX ULTRA FA 4425 which is a fattyacid-modified emulsifier having a viscosity of 40,000 cps, DISPEX ULTRAFA 4420 which is a fatty acid-modified emulsifier and a dark brownliquid of unspecified viscosity, DISPEX ULTRA FA 4431 which is analiphatic polyether with acidic groups having a viscosity of 350 cps,DISPEX ULTRA PA 4501 which is a fatty acid modified polymer having aviscosity of 10,000 cps, DISPEX ULTRA PA 4510, EFKA™ PU 4010, EFKA PU4047 which is a modified polyurethane, EFKA PX 4300, EFKA ULTRA PA 4510and EFKA ULTRA PA 4530 which are modified polyacrylates, EFKA FA 4620which is an acidic polyether having a viscosity of 1,400 cps, EFKA FA4642 which is an unsaturated polyamide and acid ester salt having aviscosity of 2,000 cps, HYDROPALAT™ WE 3135, HYDROPALAT WE 3136 andHYDROPALAT WE 3317 which are difunctional block copolymer surfactantsterminating in primary hydroxyl groups and having respective viscositiesof 375, 450 and 600 cps, and TETRONIC™ 901 and TERTRONIC 904 which aretetrafunctional block copolymers terminating in primary hydroxyl groupsand having respective viscosities of 700 and 320 cps); Borchers (e.g.,BORCHI™ Gen 0451 which is a polyurethane oligomer having a viscosity ofabout 30,000 cps, BORCHI Gen 0652 which is an amine neutralized acrylicacid copolymer having a viscosity of about 75-300 cps, and BORCHI Gen1252 and BORCHI Gen 1253 which are acrylic ester copolymers havingrespective viscosities of about 1,500-3,500 and 50-300 cps); Byk-Chemie(e.g., BYK™ 156 which is a solution of an ammonium salt of an acrylatecopolymer, DISPERBYK™ which is a solution of an alkyl ammonium salt of alow-molecular-weight polycarboxylic acid polymer, DISPERBYK-102 which isan acidic copolymer, DISPERBYK™-145 which is a phosphoric ester salt ofa high molecular copolymer with pigment affinic groups and a liquid ofunspecified viscosity, DISPERBYK-190 which is a solution of a highmolecular weight block copolymer with pigment affinic groups,DISPERBYK-2013 which is a structured copolymer with pigment affinicgroups having a viscosity of 8,600 cps, DISPERBYK-2055 which is acopolymer with pigment affinic groups and a liquid of unspecifiedviscosity, DISPERBYK-2060 which is a solution of a copolymer withpigment affinic groups having a viscosity of 3,600 cps, DISPERBYK-2061which is a solution of a copolymer with pigment affinic groups having aviscosity of 491 cps, DISPERBYK-2091, DISPERBYK-2200 which is a highmolecular weight copolymer with pigment affinic groups sold in solidform as pastilles and BYKJET™-9152 which is a copolymer with pigmentaffinic groups having a viscosity of 21,600 cps); Clariant (e.g.,DISPERSOGEN™ 1728 which is an aqueous solution of a novolac derivativehaving a viscosity of 4,000 cps, DISPEROGEN 2774 which is a novolacalkoxylate having a viscosity of 4,000 cps, GENAPOL™ X 1003 and GENAPOLX 1005 which are fatty alcohol ethoxylates having respective viscositiesof about 400 cps and 1,300 cps, HOSTAPAL BV concentrate which is asulfate ester having a viscosity of about 2,700 cps); Cray Valley (e.g.,SMA1440H which is an ammonia salt of a styrene maleic anhydridecopolymer solution); Dow Chemical Co. (e.g., the TAMOL™ family ofdispersants including TAMOL 165A and TAMOL 731A); Elementis (e.g.,NUOSPERSE™ FA196 which has a viscosity of 1,200 cps); Lubrizol (e.g.,SOLSPERSE™ 27000, SOLSPERSE 28000, SOLSPERSE 32000, SOLSPERSE 39000,SOLSPERSE 64000, SOLSPERSE 65000, SOLSPERSE 66000, SOLSPERSE 71000,SOLSPERSE M387, SOLPLUS™ R700 and SOLPLUS K500); Ethox Chemicals, LLC(e.g., the E-SPERSE™ family of dispersants and ETHOX™ 4658); Evonik(e.g., TEGO™ DISPERS 656, TEGO DISPERS 685, TEGO DISPERS 750W and TEGODISPERS 757W); Rhodia Solvay Group (e.g., ABEX 2514 and ABEX 2525 whichare nonionic surfactants, RHODACAL™ IPAM which is isopropyl aminedodecylbenzene sulfonate having a viscosity of 10,000 cps, RHODAFAC™RS-710 which is a polyoxyethylene tridecyl phosphate ester, and theRHODOLINE™ family of dispersants including RHODOLINE 4170 and RHODOLINE4188); Sasol Wax GmbH (e.g., ADSPERSE™ 100, ADSPERSE 500 and ADSPERSE868) and Stepan Company (e.g., G-3300 which is an isopropyl amine saltof an alkyl aryl sulfonate having a viscosity of about 6000 cps,POLYSTEP™ A-15 which is a sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate having aviscosity of about 85 cps, POLYSTEP B-11 and POLYSTEP B-23 which areethoxylated ammonium lauryl ether sulfates respectively containing 4 or12 moles of ethylene oxide and having respective viscosities of 66 and42 cps, and POLYSTEP B-24 which is sodium lauryl sulfate having aviscosity of 100 cps).

Commercial dispersant compositions and systems of the synthetic kinddescribed above are sold by several companies who manufacture polymersystems. These include:

BASF

-   -   Water-based system—        -   Dispex® Ultra FA, Dispex® AA, Dispex® CX, Dispex® Ultra PX,            Dispex® Ultra PA    -   Solvent based system        -   Efka® FA, Dispex® Ultra FA, Efka® FA, Efka® PU, Efka® PA,            Efka® PX

Clariant

-   -   Dispersogen® 1728, Dispersogen® 2774, Dispersogen® 3169,        Dispersogen® AN 100, Dispersogen® AN 200, Dispersogen® ECS,        Dispersogen® ECO, Dispersogen® LFS 6, Dispersogen® PCE,        Dispersogen® PL 30, Dispersogen® PL 40, Dispersogen® PTS,        Dispersogen®, Emulsogen® LCN 217, Emulsogen® TS 200,        Dispersogen®, Dispersogen® FN, Dispersogen® FSE, Dispersogen® MT        200, Dispersogen® LFH, Dispersogen® 145, Dispersogen® 4387,        Hostapal® BV, Dispersogen® LEC, Dispersogen® PSM, Polyglykol 200        LVC, Polyglykol G500, Polyglykol 300, Polyglykol 400    -   Lubrizol        -   Solsperse™ 3000, Solsperse™, Solsperse™ 8000, Solsperse™,            Solsperse™ 12000S, Solsperse™ 13300, Solsperse™ 13400,            Solsperse™ 13500, Solsperse™ 13650, Solsperse™ 13940,            Solsperse™ 16000, Solsperse™ 17000, Solsperse™ 17940,            Solsperse™ 17000, Solsperse™ 18000, Solsperse™ 19000,            Solsperse™ 20000, Solsperse™ 21000, Solsperse™ 22000,            Solsperse™ 24000SC, Solsperse™ 26000, Solsperse™ 27000,            Solsperse™ 28000, Solsperse™ 32000, Solsperse™ 32500,            Solsperse™ 32600, Solsperse™ 33000, Solsperse™ 35000,            Solsperse™ 35100, Solsperse™ 35000, Solsperse™ 36000,            Solsperse™ 36600, Solsperse™ 37500, Solsperse™ 38500,            Solsperse™ 39000, solsperse W100.    -   Byk        -   DISPERBYK-102, DISPERBYK-103, DISPERBYK-106, DISPERBYK-107,            DISPERBYK-108, DISPERBYK-109, DISPERBYK-110, DISPERBYK-111,            DISPERBYK-115, DISPERBYK-118, DISPERBYK-130, DISPERBYK-140,            DISPERBYK-142, DISPERBYK-145, DISPERBYK-161, DISPERBYK-162,            DISPERBYK-163, DISPERBYK-164, DISPERBYK-166, DISPERBYK-167,            DISPERBYK-168, DISPERBYK-170, DISPERBYK-171, DISPERBYK-174,            DISPERBYK-180, DISPERBYK-181, DISPERBYK-182, DISPERBYK-184,            DISPERBYK-185, DISPERBYK-187, DISPERBYK-190, DISPERBYK-191,            DISPERBYK-192, DISPERBYK-193, DISPERBYK-194 N,            DISPERBYK-199, DISPERBYK-2000, DISPERBYK-2001,            DISPERBYK-2008, DISPERBYK-2009, DISPERBYK-2010,            DISPERBYK-2012, DISPERBYK-2013, DISPERBYK-2015,            DISPERBYK-2022, DISPERBYK-2023, DISPERBYK-2025,            DISPERBYK-2026, DISPERBYK-2050, DISPERBYK-2055,            DISPERBYK-2060, DISPERBYK-2061, DISPERBYK-2062,            DISPERBYK-2070, DISPERBYK-2080, DISPERBYK-2081,            DISPERBYK-2096, DISPERBYK-2117, DISPERBYK-2118,            DISPERBYK-2150, DISPERBYK-2151, DISPERBYK-2152,            DISPERBYK-2155, DISPERBYK-2157, DISPERBYK-2158,            DISPERBYK-2159, DISPERBYK-2163, DISPERBYK-2164,            DISPERBYK-2200, DISPERBYK-2205    -   DOW        -   TAMOL™ 1124; TAMOL™ 1254; TAMOL™ 165A; TAMOL™ 2002; TAMOL™            2011; TAMOL™ 681; TAMOL™ 731A; TAMOL™ 851; TAMOL™ 901;            TAMOL™ 945; TAMOL™ 960; TAMOL™ 963; TAMOL™ 983

Following the foregoing principles and guidelines, the pigmentmicroparticles can be dispersed in the composition with the addition ofat least one of a dispersant and a wetting agent. While not wishing tobe bound by any specific theory, it is believed that only when thepigments are de-aggregated into their primary particles do they deliverthe optimum optical performance. For examples, pigments with a primaryparticle size of 0.02 micron which provide brilliant bright colors, whenpresent as aggregates of around 0.3 micron provide duller colors.

The dispersant serves to protect the pigment microparticles againstagglomeration or flocculation either in the dry state or in the solvent.Dispersants also serve as wetting agents. In this capacity, dispersantsas wetting agents can be low or higher molecular weight monomericsurfactants (for example, anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants).Dispersants as wetting agents can be higher molecular weightsurface-active or pigment particle affinic polymers (for example,polyelectrolyte dispersants such as maleic acid copolymers, andpolyurethanes or polyacrylates containing carboxylic acid, amine orisocyanate pigment affinic anchor groups or polyethylene imines) orother type of polyelectrolytes.

Representative wetting agents include those available from a variety ofsuppliers including Air Products and Chemicals (e.g., CARBOWET™ GA-210surfactant which has a viscosity of 80 cps, CARBOWET GA-221 surfactantwhich has a viscosity of 100 cps, DYNOL™ 607 superwetter which has aviscosity of 205 cps and DYNOL 800 superwetter which has a viscosity of230 cps); Dow Chemical Co. (e.g., CAPSTONE™ fluorosurfactants FS 31, FS34, FS 35, FS 61 and FS 64); and Stepan Company (e.g., STEPWET™ DOS-70surfactant which contains 70% active ingredients and has a viscosity of200 cps, and STEPWET DOS-70EA surfactant which contains 70% activeingredients and has a viscosity of 220 cps).

G. Incorporation of Pigment in Dispersant

The pigments described herein can be chosen and/or modified to besimilar enough such that a single dispersant can be used. In otherinstances, where the pigments are different, but compatible, two or moredifferent dispersants can be used. Because of the extreme small size ofthe pigment microparticles and their affinity, combination of thepigment microparticles and dispersant to form a substantiallyhomogeneous dispersion that can subsequently be modified and/or dilutedas desired is to be accomplished before combination with any or all ofthe first and second components of the bicomponent composition.

The pigment microparticles can be dispersed and stabilized in the mediumby one or more dispersants the properties and kinds of which aredescribed above. The dispersant can either be added to the medium, or toa precursor medium or can form a coating on the microparticles tofacilitate dispersion. It is also possible to provide the microparticleswith a coating of a dispersant material and additionally provide afurther dispersant to the medium, or to a precursor medium, which isused to form the final medium.

The dispersant, either added to the medium or provided as coating,facilitates wetting of the microparticles, dispersing of themicroparticles in the medium, and stabilizing of the microparticles inthe medium.

The wetting includes replacing of materials, such as air, adsorbed onthe surface of the pigment microparticles and inside of agglomerates ofthe microparticles by the medium. Typically, a complete wetting of theindividual microparticles is desired to singularize the particles and tobreak off agglomerates formed by microparticles adhering to each other.

After wetting, the microparticles can be subjected to de-aggregate andde-agglomerate step, generally referred to as dispersing step. Thedispersing step typically includes the impact of mechanical forces suchas shear to singularize the microparticles. In addition to shearing tosingularize, the microparticles can be broken into even smallermicroparticles using, for example, roller mills, high speed mixers, andbead mills. Usual practice involves substantially homogeneous dispersionof the pigments in dispersant through the use of high shear mixing; forexample through use to the appropriate ball mill, ultra high pressurehomogenizer or other system known by those skilled in the art of pigmentdispersion.

During wetting and dispersing, the exposed total surface area of themicroparticles increases which is wetted by the dispersant. The amountof the dispersant may be gradually increased during dispersing toaccount for the increased surface area.

The dispersant also functions as de-flocculation agent keeping thedispersed microparticles in a dispersed state and prevent that theyflocculate to form loose aggregates. This stabilization is also neededfor long term storage purposes. Different type of stabilization such aselectrostatic stabilization and steric stabilization are possible, andthe type of dispersant is selected in view of the medium and thematerial of the microparticles.

The dispersant may be added to a dry powder of the pigment particleswhen the particles are milled to a desired size. During milling, or anyother suitable technique to singularize the pigment particles or tobreak them into smaller part, the dispersant comes in contact with andadheres to the surface of the microparticles. Freshly generatedmicroparticle surface during milling will be coated by the dispersant sothat, after milling, the microparticles with a coating formed by thedispersant are provided.

The coating with the dispersant can also be carried out in a liquidcarrier medium to which the dispersant is added. The microparticles canalso be milled in the liquid carrier.

H. Optional Components

Optional components of the composition include suspending agents,leveling agents and viscosity control agents. The suspending agents helpmaintain the pigment particles in dispersed condition and minimize ornegate their agglomeration. Suspending agents include fatty acid estersof polyols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. Theseare similar to plasticizers and function in similar fashion to allowpigment particles to “slip” by each other without retarding or bindinginteraction. They act as grease in this fashion. Additionally,suspending agents in part participate in promoting the stable dispersionof the pigment particles and avoid settling. The carboxylic acid polymeralso participates through its solubilization or interaction with thepigment particles and with the medium. The suspending agents provideanother factor for maintaining the stable dispersion. They not onlyprovide the “grease” to facilitate Brownian movement but also in partstabilize through interaction as emulsifiers of the pigment particles inthe medium.

The bicomponent composition embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention can also optionally contain at least one adjuvant, chosen, forexample, from reducing agents, fatty substances, softeners, antifoams,moisturizers, UV-screening agents, mineral colloids, peptizers,solubilizers, fragrances, anionic, cationic, nonionic, or amphotericsurfactants, proteins, vitamins, propellants, oxyethylenated ornon-oxyethylenated waxes, paraffins, C₁₀-C₃₀ fatty acids such as stearicacid or lauric acid, and C₁₀-C₃₀ fatty amides such as lauricdiethanolamide.

The bicomponent composition embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention can further optionally contain one or more additives,including, but not limited to, antioxidants (e.g., phenolics, secondaryamines, phosphites, thioesters, and combinations thereof), crosslinkingagents, reactive diluents (e.g., low molecular weight mono- ordi-functional, non-aromatic, (meth)acrylate monomers such as1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate,isobornyl(meth)acrylate, 2(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl(meth)acrylate, n-vinylformamide, tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycoldi(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycoldialkoxy di(meth)acrylate, polyethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, andmixtures thereof), non-reactive diluents (e.g., ethylene glycol,di(ethylene glycol), tetra(ethylene glycol), glycerol, 1,5-pentanediol,ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether,triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 2-ethoxyethanol, solketal,benzonitrile, hexamethylphosphoramide, 2-N-methylpyrrolidinone andN,N-dimethylformamide); dyes, fillers (e.g., silica; carbon black; clay;titanium dioxide; silicates of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, sodium,potassium and mixtures thereof; carbonates of calcium, magnesium andmixtures thereof; oxides of silicon, calcium, zinc, iron, titanium, andaluminum; sulfates of calcium, barium, and lead; alumina trihydrate;magnesium hydroxide and mixtures thereof), plasticizers (e.g., petroleumoils such as ASTM D2226 aromatic oils; paraffinic and naphthenic oils;polyalkylbenzene oils; organic acid monoesters such as alkyl andalkoxyalkyl oleates and stearates; organic acid diesters such asdialkyl, dialkoxyalkyl, and alkyl aryl phthalates, terephthalates,sebacates, adipates, and glutarates; glycol diesters such as tri-,tetra-, and polyethylene glycol dialkanoates; trialkyl trimellitates;trialkyl, trialkoxyalkyl, alkyl diaryl, and triaryl phosphates;chlorinated paraffin oils; coumarone-indene resins; pine tars; vegetableoils such as castor, tall, rapeseed, and soybean oils and esters andepoxidized derivatives thereof; esters of dibasic acids (or theiranhydrides) with monohydric alcohols such as o-phthalates, adipates andbenzoates; and the like and combinations thereof), processing aids,ultraviolet stabilizers (e.g., a hindered amine, ano-hydroxy-phenylbenzotriazole, a 2-hydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenone, asalicylate, a cyanoacrylate, a nickel chelate, a benzylidene malonate,oxalanilide, and combinations thereof), and combinations thereof.

An additional additive may be a tactile hair modification agent. Thesemay include, but are not limited to, a softening and/or lubricatingand/or anti-static and/or hair alignment and/or anti-frizz benefitand/or impact on the keratin fibres.

I. Solids Content

Embodiments of the bicomponent composition include solids and liquids.The solids comprise any substance or material of the bicomponentcomposition that in a form uncombined with any other material, solvent,liquid or substance is has a solid physical form at ambient conditions.Included at least are the carboxylic acid polymer and the pigmentmicroparticles of the bicomponent composition. The medium, in contrastis a liquid and functions as a solvent and/or a liquid in which solidparticles are dispersed. The optional components as well as theplasticizer, dispersing agent, surface treatment agent, cross linkingagent and other materials added to the medium, if any, are included inthe solids content as long as they remain with the carboxylic acidpolymer and pigment microparticles following application and setting ofthe bicomponent composition as a coating on strands of human hair. Thisincludes substances that ordinarily would be regarded as liquids becausethey would remain in the coating on strands of hair. The solids contentof the bicomponent composition may range from about 1 wt % to about 40wt % relative to the total weight of the composition. A preferred solidscontent ranges from about 2 wt % to about 30 wt % and another preferredsolids content ranges from about 4 wt % to about 20 wt % relative to thetotal weight of the composition. An especially preferred solids contentrange is about 4 wt % to about 10 wt % with contents of about 5 wt %,about 6 wt %, about 7 wt %, about 8 wt %, about 9 wt % and about 10 wt %being more especially preferred.

Testing the Flexibility of a Coating of the Bicomponent Composition

With the film prepared above, it can also be tested for optical densityto check that the polymer film does not itself alter the hair appearanceof the hair too significantly.

Further the polymer preferably can have a glass transition point (Tg) asdescribed above so that it is possible to prevent the colored coatingfrom being damaged or cracked and to secure washing and frictionfastness.

The composition coating can have a surface energy between about 20 andabout 50 mN m⁻¹ (SI unit?) mJ m⁻². The composition coating preferablyhas high transmission, to ensure that it does not interfere with theoptics of the hair color. The polymer preferably has a refractive indexbetween 1.4 and 1.6.

Application of First and Second Components of the BicomponentComposition to Treated Material or Textiles

The first and second components of the bicomponent composition may bemaintained in separate storage compartments or in separate kit form. Aconvenient storage means can be utilized such as plastic squeeze tubes,plastic bottles, glass containers, sachets, multi-compartmentcontainers, tooles, spottles syringes and plunger operated dispensingdevices. Alternatively, metered or calibrated dispensing containers forproviding measured amounts of the components as directed by printedinstructions can be provided.

Use of the foregoing delivery means enables preparation of an embodimentfor practice of the method of the present invention. This embodimentcomprises sequential application of the first and second components totreated material or textiles. Pigment microparticles may be incorporatedin either or both of the first and second components.

Pretreatment with Second Component

An embodiment of the method according to the present invention maycomprise application of the second component to the treated material asa pretreatment before application of the first component as describedabove. According to this embodiment of the method, pretreatment with themay be carried out prior to application of the first component.Pretreatment may be carried out immediately prior to application of thefirst component, or at least 1 hour prior to application of the firstcomponent, or at least 24 hours prior to application of the firstcomponent, or at least 10 days prior to application of the first secondcomponent, or at least one month prior to application of the firstcomponent. Preferably, pretreatment may be carried out immediately priorto or within a few minutes up to an hour before application of the firstcomponent. Typically, the is at least partially dried with optionalheating to at least substantially remove or otherwise eliminate themedium of the. For example excess medium may be removed by contactingwith an absorbent fabric or surface or the hair may by heated with ahair drier. Preferably, removal of medium is accomplished beforeapplication of the first component.

Core and Shell Alternative

According to an embodiment in which pigment microparticles areincorporated into the, at least some of categories of the base compoundcan be employed to provide a “core-shell structure” (core-shellmorphology) for the pigment microparticles. In the case that the basecompound and pigment(s) have a “core-shell structure”, the “core”corresponds to the “naked” pigment which features the same properties asdefined hereinbefore with reference to the “pigment(s)”. The “shell”corresponds to a coating layer of base compound surrounding the “core”.The pigments having a core-shell structure may have a D₅₀(Vol)particlediameter of from 20 nm to 1 micron, typically 60 nm to 900 nm, moretypically 100 nm to 600 nm. As such, embodiments of the presentinvention also relate to a bicomponent composition comprising acore-shell pigment microparticle arrangement, wherein the core comprisesan inorganic and/or organic pigment microparticle material, and theshell comprises at least one base compound, the at least one core-shellconstruct having a D₅₀(Vol) particle diameter of 20 nm to 1 μm. Theshell surrounding the core may comprise one or more polymeric shelllayers. Typically, the shell may comprise a base compound wherein thebase compound is a polymeric shell layer.

A further embodiment involving the core and shell alternative may beaccomplished by pretreatment of a prepared dispersion of pigmentmicroparticles with a portion of base compound in appropriate medium toprovide a dispersion of pigment microparticles as the core and shellconstruct ready to be combined with any of the first component.

Application of First Component Following Pretreatment

As described above, first component may be applied to the treatedmaterial in combination with the foregoing pretreatment. Application ofthe first component to treated material may be accomplished byapplication of the first component to the material. The practice of thisstep with the pre-treatment embodiment initially introduces the firstcomponent on top of the pretreatment layer of base compound on thetreated material. Because the first component is in a medium,penetration, combination and/or mixing of the first component into thepretreatment layer is believed to be accomplished. The penetration isbelieved to enable interaction among the organic polymer, thepretreatment base compound and the treated material.

Application of the first component to pretreated treated material ispreferably carried out after pretreatment. This sequence may be carriedout immediately after pretreatment, or at least 1 hour afterpretreatment, or at least 24 hours after pretreatment, or at least 10days after pretreatment, or at least one month after pretreatment.

The application of the first component may be applied to at least aportion of the treated material or may be applied all over the treatedmaterial. The portions of first component may be applied in a singleapplication over all the treated material or may be applied step-by-stepto the treated material. The first component may be appliedstep-by-step, for example, in case the treated material is damaged.Applying the first component in a step-by-step manner as describedabove, may help to ensure that the treated portions of the treatedmaterial are saturated with the first component and may thereforeprovide a better coverage of the treated material.

The bicomponent composition can be applied to treated material using thecoloring procedure described herein afterwards.

Manipulative Techniques for Application

After the pretreatment of the has been accomplished, and the pretreatedtreated material optionally rinsed, the pretreated treated material canbe dried. The treated material can be dried using an elevatedtemperature. The temperature of the treated material can be increased toelevated temperatures above room temperature such as 40° C. or higher,for example using a hair drier. While the treated material is beingdried, some form of interdigitated implement can be used to helpseparate portions of the treated material, and especially separate hairstrands from one another. Examples of interdigitated devices include acomb or a brush. The treated material can be dried with a hair drierwhile simultaneously being combed or brushed until it is dry to thetouch. Alternatively, other means can be employed to dry and separatethe treated material such as hair simultaneously. For example, using acombination of air movement and vibrations will accomplish distributionof the bicomponent composition throughout the strands of hair.

Operational Method for Coating Hair

The performance of operational method aspects of the present inventioncan be applied to keratin fibers to form a coating of the bicomponentcomposition. This aspect of the invention concerns a method for coloringtreated material and comprises applying embodiments of one or morebicomponent compositions for a time sufficient to deposit an effectivecolored coating on the treated material such as each keratin fiber orhair strand. A somewhat to substantially overall distribution of thecoating on the length and circumference of each fiber is produced.

To accomplish this aspect, embodiments of the first component ofbicomponent composition are applied to the treated material according tothe sequences described above by brushing, painting, spraying,atomizing, squeezing, printing, rubbing massaging or in some mannercoating the treated material such as hair strands with the embodiments.Following application of a compositional embodiment to the treatedmaterial such as hair strands, the composition is coordinated togetherpreferably by warming with blown warm air from a hair dryer or similarlytreated to remove the medium, initiate linking of the organic polymer,the pretreatment base compound, the treated material and if present,remove the volatile base. The setting leaves a substantial toessentially complete overall linked coating of the organic polymer,pretreatment base compound and base compound containing dispersedpigment microparticles and optional additional components.

The combination of the substantive constituents of first and secondcomponents during application provides a coating that enables it toresist for a time destruction by washing with dilute mixtures of soapand water or shampoo and water. Color fastness is developed so thatwashing with dilute aqueous soap solution or dilute aqueous shampoo willnot substantially remove the coating, but the coating can be facilelyremoved by use of a transformation trigger. The properties of thecoating include wash-fastness, flexibility, adhesion, abrasionresistance and remanence which are due at least in part to the linkedcharacter of the composition constituents including at least the organicpolymer, the pretreatment base compound and the base compound and theirintermolecular entwining, ionic and electrostatic intermolecularinteraction, covalent and/or non-covalent linking, dipole interactionand lipophilic interaction of neutral moieties of these compositionalconstituents.

Selection of the substantive constituents of the bicomponent compositioncan be made on the basis of properties such as a solid lattice formationand interaction with the pigment microparticles. Such properties includethe flexibility, the hardness, the adhesion, the remanence, theresistance to water or to other chemical compounds, and the abrasionresistance. It is also possible to take advantage of the more versatileproperties of block polymers (polymers comprising at least two distinctpolymer segments), grafted polymers (polymers containing a polymericside chain grafted onto the homopolymer or copolymer backbone), orrandom copolymers (polymers comprising at least two different monomers).In the block copolymers, for example, the amount of hard and soft blockshas a significant impact on the properties of the polymer.

The bicomponent compositions in accordance with the present disclosurecan have a viscosity that can be controlled to enable the product to beapplied to the hair using either a brush and bowl or a bottle, but withsufficient rheology such that it does not drip and run from the haironto the face or body.

Alternatively, low viscosity formulations may be applied to the hair viaa suitable application device such that it does not drip and run formthe hair onto the face and body.

The bicomponent compositions can be utilized in concentrated form or inserial dilutions, to provide for a consistent color resultssubstantially along the entire length of the keratin fibers.

The aspect of coloring mammalian or synthetic keratin fibers with abicomponent composition as described above includes a method for thiscoloring. The method comprises:

-   -   (i) applying the above-described bicomponent composition to        keratin fibers an effective coloring amount of the composition        of medium with carboxylic acid polymer, pigment microparticles        and optional additional components;    -   (ii) setting the bicomponent composition by removing or        otherwise eliminating the medium (e.g., by drying the        composition); and.    -   (iii) setting the interaction among the first and second        components third functional groups of the bicomponent        composition by initiating the combination among these groups.

During the setting/drying step, color distribution can be facilitated byconcurrently moving and/or stroking the hair with an interdigitatingdevice. Interdigitating devices include a comb or brush. Theinterdigitating device needs to be pulled substantially along the hairstrands from root to tip. It can be pulled through at a rate of 0.1 cms⁻¹ to 50 cm s⁻¹ or at a rate between 0.5 cm s⁻¹ to 20 cm s⁻¹

The bicomponent composition is applied to the mammalian or synthetickeratin fibers in any suitable way including spraying the bicomponentcomposition, massaging the keratin fibers by hand, after applying thebicomponent composition to the hand or by combing, brushing or otherwiseapplying the bicomponent composition throughout the mammalian orsynthetic keratin fibers.

Unlike current hair coloring approaches that use dyes, the color withthe bicomponent compositions described herein occurs on the surface ofthe hair strands. Current dye based approaches do provide the head ofhair with some color variation, as the strands are not identical, andsome of these differences are preserved after coloring. There are alsodifferences root to tip which also helps to provide some variation.Using a pigment based surface coloring system such as that of thepresent invention, the variation of the underlying hair can besubstantially removed, leading to a more homogeneous color result. Thiscolor result can be a more homogenous application of color. To obtain asomewhat non-homogeneous application of color that tends toward a morenatural look, the user can apply the inventive bicomponent compositionby any of several techniques.

The methods by which the bicomponent compositions described herein areapplied can be modified, such that the user applies the product in oneregion of the hair, and then can apply a diluted version in anotherregion of the hair. The dilution formula is specially chosen to becompatible with the colorant formulation and reduces the coloringstrength, while maintaining the longevity of the color result. This caneffectively be a “blank” formulation, which contains broadly the samematerials as the coloring formulation, but with lower or no pigmentspresent. When diluted the ratio of the diluent to colorant can bebetween about 10:1 and about 1:10, about 8:1 and about 1:2 or about 5:1and about 1:1.

Alternatively, the amount of bicomponent composition applied can bealtered in different regions of the hair, for example half the productis applied in the lengths of the hair, leading to a less colorfulresult. The difference in amounts applied in one region of the hairversus another can be between about 4:1 and about 1:4 or about 2:1 andabout 1:2.

Alternatively, a combination of this approaches may be used to deliverthe target color variation.

When the foregoing techniques are not possible to be applied, ratherthan apply a single hair color, it may be possible to apply two or morehair colors to different regions of the hair. When this is done, thedifferent hair colors preferably provide complimentary colors so as todevelop an attractive result. The difference in colors that can be used,based on the end result on hair tresses (as described later—naturalwhite hair non pre-bleached) are as follows. As described within theCIELCh system:

Color 1 (LCh) versus Color 2 (LCh)

Color 1 L-15<Color 2 L<Color 1 L+15

0 or Color 1 C-10<Color 2 C<Color 1 C+10

Color 1 h-45<Color 2 h<Color 1 h+45

Those skilled in the art of color measurements will know how tointerpret difference in hue angles, h, when they extend from lowpositive values to those near to 360 degrees due to the periodiccircular nature of the hue angle.

The method for use of the bicomponent composition in accordance with thepresent invention can occur during any suitable period. The period ofapplication can be from about 0 to 30 minutes, but in any event a periodthat is sufficiently long to permit the coating of pigmentmicroparticles to coat and adhere or bind to each separate keratinfiber, substantially along the entire length of each keratin fiber. Theresultant is keratin fibers having a color and permanence that is atleast equivalent to the color resulting from oxidative hair color,except under much milder conditions.

The bicomponent compositions described herein can be prepared by themanufacturer as a full shade, e.g., one that is ready to apply to thehair, and then shipped as a discrete unit to the user. The user may needto re-blend the pigment microparticles with the bicomponent compositionprior to application to ensure that the bicomponent composition deliversthe optimum performance. Such re-blending can require shaking thebicomponent composition for about 1 to about 120 seconds or from about 3to about 60 seconds. Reblending may also be performed by stirring thebicomponent composition prior to use. This may occur for about 1 toabout 120 seconds or from about 3 to about 60 seconds. Although thebicomponent compositions according to the present invention are designedto provide stable suspensions of the pigment particles, the re-blendingto agitate the microparticles and resuspend them in a substantiallyuniform distribution is desirable.

Alternatively, the bicomponent composition can be made on demand from aseries of discrete formulations and mixed ready for use. Eachbicomponent composition would need to be designed such that thecombinations of two or more bicomponent compositions produce readilymixable bicomponent compositions with sufficient stability to be used.For example, at least four bicomponent compositions can be madeavailable for blending, at least 5 bicomponent compositions and even atleast 6 bicomponent compositions. Additional composition may also beused to impart other signals into the product, for example modifying therheology, changing the perfume, altering the shine or hair feelproperties.

Multiple compositions comprising different pigments can be blendedtogether prior to application to the keratin fibers. Such blending canbe done in a manner so as to apply a plurality of complementary surfacecolors to the keratin fibers.

The bicomponent compositions can include multiple layers, involvingmultiple applications of at least the first and second components. Itmay be beneficial also to periodically reapply the. The techniques forapplying multiple layers follow the techniques described above forapplication of a single bicomponent composition.

The coating of pigment microparticles comprising at least one pigment ina coating of the substantive constituents of the bicomponent compositioncan be adhered to the treated material such as hair utilizing a coatinghaving a total thickness at any given point along the hair fiber of lessthan about 5 μm, preferably less than about 2 μm as measured using ascanning electron microscope (SEM). To make such measurements, a coatedhair sample can be embedded in a suitable resin, and then sectioned rootto tip using techniques known to those skilled in the art of scanningelectron microscopy. The thickness of the layer on the surface can thenbe assessed along the line of cuticles over a length of at least 100 μm.The thickness of layer is determined by averaging 10 points evenlyspaced over the section of interest.

As described above, application of the bicomponent composition tosections of treated material such as sections of hair strands can bevaried. In addition to varying the concentration of the pigmentmicroparticles and optional coloring agent, different shades and/orcolors of bicomponent composition can be applied to different sectionsof a strand of hair or a group of strands of hair. For example, the hairroots, mid sections and tips sometimes or often have different shades ofcolor in their natural condition. This variation can be mimicked,altered or covered through use of differing shades or colors of thebicomponent composition. Roots, for example can be covered with alighter shade and the tips can be covered with a darker shade to producea two tone variation of the hair. Application to the hair of a firstportion of bicomponent composition followed by stripping the compositionfrom the hair mid sections and ends followed by setting the remainingcomposition on the hair roots will provide a first hair color coating onthe roots. The mid-sections and tips can be dipped or brush applied witha second portion of bicomponent composition to complete the two color ortwo tone treatment. The use of multiple bicomponent compositions toproduce multiple coatings on the hair can provide overlapping,sequential or coterminous coatings on the hair according to typical androutine techniques for applying multiple versions of hair colorpracticed by professional hair salons.

Post Treatment

An optional post treatment composition can be applied after treating thetreated material such as hair with the bicomponent compositionsdescribed herein. This can be applied either directly after completionof coloring with the bicomponent composition. The post treatment can beeither single application or multiple application across time. The posttreatment can be used to improve one or more of: feel, resistance toshampoo/conditioner/water washing treatments, and shine of the hair.Nonlimiting examples of materials used to improve the feel are thosewhich impart lubricity to the treated material such as hair strandsand/or help the hair strands separate during the drying steps, Thesematerials include, for example silicone conditioners, siliconepolyethers, silicone polyglucose, polyisobutene, copolymers of ethyleneand propylene oxide, and commonly used cosmetic oils and waxes.Nonlimiting examples of materials used to improve shampoo washresistance are materials which act as a ‘sacrificial layer’ for examplepolymeric silicones and their copolymers, silicone resins, cosmeticsoils and waxes. Nonlimiting examples of materials used to improve theshine of hair (meaning a decrease of the full width at half maximumparameter of the specular reflection curve as measured by agoniophotometer) are those materials which form a smooth film above thepreviously applied pigment polymer composite on the hair. In general,any cosmetically known film forming material can be used, but preferredare materials such as polymeric silicones and polycationic materials.

Removal of Color Coating

Hair colorants made from surface films consisting essentially of abinding material plus a pigment, and that are very resistant to everydayhair treatments (such as washing with shampoo, conditioner etc) can beremoved via use of specifically designed “removal formulations.” Theseare specific chemical mixtures, described herein, and are designed towork via one or both of two broad mechanisms.

First, the mixture can be made to be a solvent for the pigment itself.In this case the mechanism of removal involves first dissolution of thepigment from the binding matrix, followed by removal from the hair viarinsing with water or some other carrier. In this case it is believed,whilst not being bound by theory, that the chemical nature of thepigment, even when in dissolved form, is such that there is minimalattraction/solubility in the hair matrix itself, thus allowing removalof the color.

Second, the “removal formulation” can be made such that it dissolves,weakens or chemically breaks down the binder material holding thepigment on the hair. In this case it is believed, whilst not being boundby theory, that the pigments embedded in the binder matrix are releaseddue to weakening or dissolution of the binder itself and, because thecoloring material is a pigment, it has minimal attraction for the hairsurface and is too big to penetrate the hair, and in consequence thisfacilitates removal of the color.

The combination of the above mechanisms will also provide the desiredresult of removal of the color.

Changing the pH can have a dramatic impact on the properties of thecoating which is adhered to the surface. A soluble base acting as atrigger agent to neutralize acid groups and enable the conjugate base tobe readily soluble in a mixture of water and organic solvent willfacilely remove the coating. Such bases include amino alcohols such asdimethylaminoethanol (dimethylethanolamine, DMEA),dimethylaminopropanol, and similar amino alkanol agents such asmonoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine and ammonia. Otherbases such as NaOH and Ca(OH)₂ can also be used. The concentration ofthe trigger agent in aqueous solution optionally with an alcohol orketone organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketoneand the like may range from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight,preferably about 0.5% to about 10% by weight, more preferably about 1%to about 7.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the removalsolution.

When the multicomponent composition is applied to the hair, themulti-application process physically distributes the components to coverall of the hair. The spraying, massaging, combing and/or handmanipulating the pretreatment and the first and second componentsproduces the full coverage and at the same time leaves thin spots in theotherwise substantially uniform coating. This activity also will aid inthe removal process.

Remanence and Treated Material Inspection

Damage caused to the hair by application of the bicomponent compositionand removal of the resulting coating can be assessed by FT-IR (FourierTransform Infrared) method, which has been established to be suitablefor studying the effects of keratin surface damage. Strassburger, J., J.Soc. Cosmet Chem., 36, 61-74 (1985); Joy, M. & Lewis, D.M., Int. J.Cosmet. Sci., 13, 249-261 (1991); Signori, V. and Lewis, D.M., Int. J.Cosmet. Sci., 19, 1-13 (1997)). In particular, these authors have shownthat the method is suitable for quantifying the amount of cysteic acid.In general, the oxidation of cystine is thought to be a suitable markerby which to monitor the overall oxidation of the keratinous part of thefiber. Net, the measurement of cysteic acid units by FT-IR is commonlyused.

Signori and Lewis (D.M., Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 19, 1-13 (1997)) haveshown that FT-IR using a diamond Attenuated Total Internal Reflection(ATR) cell is a sensitive and reproducible way of measuring the cysteicacid content of single fibers and bundles. Hence, the method that wehave employed to measure the cysteic acid content of multiple fiberbundles and full hair switches, is based upon the FTIR diamond cell ATRmethod employed by Signori and Lewis (1997). The detailed description ofthe method used for testing the different damage inhibitors followsthereafter:

A Perkin Elmer Spectrum® 1 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) systemequipped with a diamond Attenuated Total Internal Reflection (ATR) cellwas used to measure the cysteic acid concentration in mammalian orsynthetic hair. In this method, hairswitches of various sizes and colorscan be used. The switches were platted (−1 plait per cm) in order tominimize variations in surface area of contact between readings. TheOxidative hair Treatment Protocol described above was repeated for 5cycles to mimic the behavior of hair after repeated bleaching cycles.Following this treatment, four readings per switch were taken (⅓ and ⅔sdown the switch on both sides), and an average calculated. Backgroundswere collected every 4 readings, and an ATR cell pressure of 1 N/m wasemployed. The cell was cleaned with ethanol between each reading, and acontamination check performed using the monitor ratio mode of theinstrument. As prescribed by Signori &amp; Lewis in 1997, a normalizeddouble derivative analysis routine was used. The original spectra wereinitially converted to absorbance, before being normalized to the 1450cm⁻¹ band (the characteristic and invariant protein CH₂ stretch). Thisnormalized absorbance was then twice derivatised using a 13 pointaveraging. The value of the 1450 cm⁻¹ normalized 2nd derivative of theabsorbance at 1040 cm⁻¹ was taken as the relative concentration ofcysteic acid. This figure was multiplied by −1×10⁻⁴ to recast it intosuitable units. It was found that virgin mammalian or synthetic hairproduced a value of around 20 cysteic acid units, and heavily oxidizedhair produced values of around 170. The following instrumentalconditions were employed:

Spectral Resolution—4 cm⁻¹

Data Interval—0.7 cm⁻¹

Mirror Scan Speed—0.2 cm s⁻¹

Number of Background Scans—20

Number of Sample Scans—20

Scan Range—4000 cm⁻¹ to 600 cm⁻¹

When the compositions of the current invention can be applied to thehair and then removed there can be a non-significant change to the levelof damage to the hair, whereas with conventional oxidative colorantsthere can be a large increase in the measured damage.

The instant disclosure is not limited in scope by the specificcompositions and methods described herein, since these embodiments areintended as illustration of several aspects of the disclosure. Anyequivalents are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.Indeed, various modifications in addition to those shown and describedherein can be within the grasp of those with ordinary skill in the art.Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of theappended claims.

Color Selection

Also contemplated herein are bicomponent compositions having a givencolor area (gamut principle described above) defined by colorcoordinates (a*, b*) in the color space represented by the L*a*b* colorsystem, which can be divided into a plurality of color areas. Each ofthe plurality of colors obtained from the area surrounding a given setof hair fibers is judged to belong to which color area of the coloredarea of a certain color. The number of colors judged for each color areais counted, and the color of the color area with the largest number ofcolors is selected as a representative color of the area surrounding agiven set of hair fibers. The compositions are capable of deliveringcolors on hair (test method herein for fade) such that the resultscolors lie within the range of about 18<L<about 81, about −2<a<about 45,and about −13<b<about 70.

Also contemplated herein are bicomponent compositions that do not changethe hair color, but instead change some other feature of the hairincluding shine (e.g., making it shinier or matte), the thickness of thehair and/or the feel of the hair.

When the color is removed from the treated material such as hair, thewaste water/composition can be treated to remove the pigments from thewaste water effluent system. This can be achieved by filtration, orthrough cyclone technology, where the density differences are used toforce the pigments to the settle, and the water to pass through.

EXAMPLES

General

The coloring compositions described herein within the example aregenerally applied to a hair tress, 1 gram of composition per gram ofhair, on a flat plate and brushed in to the hair to ensure that all ofthe strands look visibly coated with the composition. The hair tress isthen dried by heating with a hair dryer, while combing until it is dryto the touch and the strands are individualized.

Pretreatment Example

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the contribution of thepretreatment on color uptake and removability using a color composition.

Natural white hair tresses were used. The lower half of the length ofthe hair tresses were bleached according to a bleach protocol A. Thebleached part of the hair tresses show a brightening or color lift.

The prepared hair tresses were subjected to a pretreatment according toa pretreatment protocol given below. After pretreatment, the hairtresses were colored according to a coloring treatment protocol givenbelow. Finally, the colored hair tresses were subjected to an OFFtreatment protocol given below.

Pretreatment Protocol

Pretreatment compositions with water as solvent were prepared at givenconcentrations according to the table below and applied to the hair at alevel of 1 ml to each hair tress (about 1 ml per 0.8 g hair). Thepretreatment composition was left on the hair tresses for about 5 minbefore the hair was dried for 30 min in an oven at about 70° C.

Color Treatment

A color composition comprising 5% of film-forming styrene-acrylic resincopolymer (RE-1075 (PMC/SEIKO)) and pigments in a ratio 1:5 of pigment.The color composition is applied to the hair tress, 1 g of compositionper g of hair, on a flat plate and brushed in to the hair to ensure thatall of the strands look visibly coated with the composition. The hairtress is then dried, while combing with a hair dry until it is dry tothe touch and the strands are individualized.

Wash Treatment

The hair tresses were washed for 30 sec with 0.1 g Wella BrillanceShampoo per hair tress and then rinsed for 30 sec. This was repeated 4times.

Results of Pretreatment Examples

The test results are summarized and discussed below. The influence ofthe pretreatment were evaluated by assessing the color uptake aftercoloring without any subsequent washing (column marked with (1)),assessing of the remanence after 5 times washing (column marked with(2)), assessing the removal of unwashed colored hair (column marked with(3)), and assessing the removal of washed colored hair (column markedwith (4)). A means very good results, B means acceptable results, Cmeans not acceptable result.

Tested Conc. (1) Color (2) (3) OFF (4) OFF Amino cationic wt.% uptakewithout Washfastness relative to relative to functional polymers washing(1) (2) group_((a)) Even perform Wash Without 1 PEI — 600Da 0.5% A C B AP/S /T 2.0% A C B A 2 PEI — 0.5% A C A B P/S /T 1200Da 2.0% B C A B 3PEI — 25kDa P/S/T 0.1% A B B B 0.3% A A A B 0.5% A A B B 1.0% A A B B2.0% A B B 4 PEI — 70kDa 0.1% B B B B P/S /T 0.3% A A B B 0.5% A A B B1.0% A A A B 2.0% A A B 5 P-3000 PEI 0.1% B B B B P/S/T — 450kDa 0.3% AA B C 0.5% A A B C 1.0% A B B B 2.0% A B B B 6 PQ-6 0.5% B B C C QFlocare DB 2.0% B C C C 45 VHM Polyquat-6 2 MDa 7 Flocare C 0.5% A C C CQ 106 2.0% B C C C MV Polyqua t-6 (40%) 150 kDa 8 PQ-7 0.5% B C C C Q(Flocare 2.0% A B C C DP/C 107 CS PF) about 10 kDa 9 PQ 7 high 0.5% A CC C Q Flocare C 2.0% A C C C 107 LM PF— (9.5%) 1.6 MDa 10 PQ 10 0.5% B BC C Terminal 2.0% B C C C Q 11 Salcare SC 2% B C C C Terminal 96 (PQ37)0.5% A B B B Q 12 Chitosan 2% A B B B P 0.5% A C B B 13 PQ4 2% A C B B Q0.5% B C B B 14 Amsi 2% A C B B T Aminosilico 0.5% A C B A n fluid 15Abil - Abil 2% C C A A T Quat 3272 0.5% A B A B 16 PQM PQ 11 2% A B A AT 0.5% B C A B 17 Polyvinylpyr 0.5% A C B B A idine 60kD 2.0% A A 18Poly[(2- 0.5% A C A A Terminal ethyldimethy 2.0% A C A A Q lammonioethyl methacrylate ethyl sulfate)-co- (1- inylpyrrolido ne)] 19Polyallylamine 0.5% A B C C P MW 2.0% B B C C 17KD 20 Polyallylamine0.5% A A C B P MW 2.0% A B C B 40kD (a) Functional groups of thecationic polymer: A =aromatic amino functional group, P =primary aminofunctional group; S =secondary amino functional group; T =tertiary aminofunctional group; Q =quaternary amino functional group.The polyethyleneimine (PEI) pretreatment increases the remanence andshows somewhat satisfactory results for PEI having a weight averagemolecular weight in the range of about 4 kDa to about 450 kDa,particularly in the range of about 25 kDa and 450 kDa. Even low PEIconcentrations are sufficient as the impact on coloring performanceremains stable. The hair feeling increase with washing and decreasingmolecular weight of the PEI, with low molecular weight PEI of about 25kDa produces a more natural feeling than PEI having a molecular weightof about 450 kDa. In addition, a hydroxyl functional acrylic polymercombined with PEI was studied for remanence. The coating did not survivefive wash cycles. The color removal appears to be better on non-bleachedhair. Other suitable cationic polymers are polyallylamine andpolyvinylpyridine.

EMBODIMENT STATEMENTS

1. A multicomponent composition for coloring keratin material comprisinga first component of at least one organic polymer with functionalgroups, at least one pigment, at least one volatile solvent, and asecond component comprising a base compound having functional groupscapable of forming dipolar or electrostatic interactions with theorganic polymer.2. A multicomponent composition of statement 1 wherein the first andsecond components are separate.3. A multicomponent composition of statement 1 or 2 wherein the organicpolymer is chosen from polymers and co-polymers based on polyurethane,polyacrylate, silicone resins, polyureas/polyurethane silicones, andcopolymers based on silicone resin and on dimethiconol.4. A multicomponent composition of statements 1, 2 or 3 wherein the basecompound comprises an aminosilane, aminosiloxane, aminosilicone,mercaptosilane or a linear or branched polymer comprising linearpolyethyleneimine, branched polyethylene imine, a copolymer ofaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate, polyallylaminehydrochloride, polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride, polyvinylamine,(vinylamine-styrene) copolymer, poly(omega-aminoalkyl(meth)acrylate),polyvinylpyrrolidone poly (2-vinyloxazoline) and random or blockcopolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.5. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 1-4 wherein theweight average molecular weight of the base compound is in a range ofabout 400 Da to about 1 MDa.6. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 1-5 wherein theorganic copolymer comprises repeating units of at least one hydrophobicolefinic carboxylate ester monomer, at least one hydrophilic olefinicmonomer and optionally at least one olefin monomer, wherein:

the hydrophobic olefinic carboxylate ester monomer is an ester of(meth)acrylic acid or crotonic acid or a combination thereof and alinear or branched alkanol of 1 to 30 carbons or a combination thereof;

the hydrophilic olefinic monomer is a hydroxy alkyl ester of an olefiniccarboxylic acid and a linear or branched alkyl diol of 2 to 24 carbons,or is an aminoalkyl ester of an olefinic carboxylic acid and a linear orbranched amino alkyl alcohol of 2 to 24 carbons or is an olefinic acid,or is a combination of any two or more of the hydroxyl alkyl ester, theamino alkyl ester and the olefinic acid; and

the olefinic acid is selected from (meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid,maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid or gluconic acid or acombination of any two or more of the olefinic acids;

the olefin monomer has the formulaH₂C═CHRwherein R is selected from linear or branched alkyl of one to sixcarbons, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by a linear orbranched alkyl of 1 to six carbons, carboxylic acid, methyl or ethylcarboxylate, carboxamide or hydroxyl.7. A multicomponent composition of statement 6 wherein the organiccopolymer has little or no water solubility.8. A multicomponent composition of statement 6 wherein the organiccopolymer displays water solubility or dispersibility when an opaquemixture of one gram of the organic copolymer in 100 grams of waterbecomes turbid to cloudy to clear as the pH is increased.9. A multicomponent composition of statement 6, 7 or 8 wherein theorganic copolymer has at least one acid group per molecule.10. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 6-9 wherein thehydrophilic monomer is a combination of the hydroxyalkyl olefinic esterand the olefinic acid.11. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 6-10 wherein theorganic copolymer comprises the hydrophobic ester monomer and the olefinmonomer.12. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 6-10 wherein theorganic copolymer is free of olefinic monomer.13. A multicomponent composition according to any of the precedingstatements wherein the olefinic acid is (meth)acrylic acid or crotonicacid.14. A multicomponent composition of statement 13 wherein the olefinicacid is (meth)acrylic acid.15. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 6-11, 13, 14wherein the olefin monomer is styrene or carboxystrene methyl or ethylester.16. A multicomponent composition of any of statements 6-11, 13, 14wherein the olefin monomer is hydroxystyene, carboxystyrene orcarboxamidostyrene.17. A multicomponent composition of any of the preceding statementswherein the base compound is an organic polymer, oligomer or compoundwith pendant and/or terminal and/or in-chain amine groups or anycombination thereof or is a polysilicone having pendant amine groups, oran amino silane or a mercapto silane.18. A composition according to statement 17 wherein the base compound islinear or branched polyethylene imine or a copolymer of aminoethyl(meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate polyallylamine hydrochloride orpolydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride.19. A composition of the preceding statements wherein the weight percentof the base compound is 0.1-5 wt. % relative to the total composition.20. A multicomponent composition of the preceding statements whereinthe organic polymer has an acid value of from about zero to about 250;the organic polymer has a glass transition temperature of from about−120° C. to about −40° C.;the organic polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the rangeof about 2 KDa to about 10 MDa; andthe composition has a pH of from about 3 to about 12.21 A kit comprising separate compartments in which the first componentand the second component of any of the preceding statements areseparately contained.22. A method for coloring keratin material comprising applying first tothe keratin material the second component of statement 21 to form apretreated keratin material, then applying the first component ofstatement 21 to the pretreated keratin material and drying the coatedkeratin material with optional heat to form a colored coating on thekeratin material.23. A method of statement 22 wherein the first and second components areapplied as foams to portions of the keratin material.24. A method of statement 22 or 23 wherein the keratin material is hair,eyebrows, eyelashes, skin, nails, textile, leather or a product derivedfrom a commercial animal which product contains or is derived fromkeratin material of the animal.25. The composition of the preceding statements, wherein at least oneportion of the pigment microparticles is an organic pigment.26. The composition of the preceding statements, wherein the compositionhas a pigment solids content of about 0.1 wt % to about 30 wt %preferably about 0.2 wt % to about 10 wt % relative to the total weightof the composition.27. The composition of the preceding statements, wherein the pigmentselected has a hair color gamut of greater than about 250.28. The composition of the preceding statements, wherein the pigmentmicroparticles have a D50[vol] particle diameter between 0.001 micronsand 0.5 microns, preferably between 0.01 microns and 0.5 microns.29. The composition of the preceding statements, wherein the compositioncomprises at least one pigment microparticle that has a flake morphology30. The composition of the preceding statements and any combinationthereof further comprising metallic microplatelets or microparticleswhich impart reflection to the colored human hair strands.31. A composition of the preceding statements wherein the flake factoris greater than 10.32. A composition of any of the preceding statements any combinationthereof further comprising one or more of a plasticizer, a dispersant,wetting agent, anti-agglomeration agent, preservative, fragrance, anorganic dye compound, a feel modification agent or a thickening agent;the dispersant, anti-agglomeration agent capable of providing dispersionof the pigment particles, the plasticizer and thickener capable ofproviding viscosity parameters to enable flow and hold of thecomposition on the keratin fibers.33. A composition of the preceding statements wherein the pigmentmicroparticles comprise organic pigment microparticles, which impartscolor to the hair, having a given D50[vol], and pigment microparticles,for providing light scattering properties to the colored hair, having aD50[vol] which is larger than the D50[vol] value of the organic pigmentmicroparticles.34. A composition of any of the preceding statements and any combinationthereof, wherein the composition has a viscosity of from about 0.001 toabout 2000 Pa s⁻¹.35. A composition of the preceding statements, wherein the compositionhas a viscosity of from about 10 to about 75 Pa s⁻¹.36. A composition of the preceding statements wherein the compositionhas the physical character of a foam.37. A composition the preceding composition statements wherein themedium for at least one of the components comprises at least one liquidselected from the group consisting of water, protic organic medium,protic organic non-aqueous medium, an aprotic, non-aqueous organicmedium and any compatible combination thereof.38. A composition of statement 37 wherein the medium is water or anon-aqueous organic medium.39. A composition of statement 37 wherein the medium is an aproticnon-aqueous organic medium that has a boiling point at standard pressureat a temperature of from ambient to about 200° C.40. A composition of statement 37 wherein the medium is a protic organicmedium.41. A composition of statement 37 wherein the medium is a nonpolar,aprotic organic medium selected from decane, isodecane, isododecane, aliquid silicone, cyclomethicone, glyme or decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane.42. A composition of the preceding statements wherein the combinedconcentration of the organic polymer and the pretreatment base compoundcompared with the concentration of the pigment particles variesaccording to the relationship of the larger the average submicron sizeof the pigment, the higher the concentration of combined polymersrelative to the concentration of pigment particle, and the minimumbaseline concentration relation of pigment to combined polymers is 1:0.3weight to weight relative to the total weight of the composition.43. A composition according to the preceding statements, furthercomprising an excipient selected from a dispersing agent, apreservative, a fragrance, a surfactant, a tactile modification agentand a thickening agent or a combination thereof.44. A composition of statement 43 wherein the excipient includes atleast a dispersing agent and the concentration of the dispersing agentis in an amount able to generate a positive or negative zeta potentialin the composition.45. A composition of statement 108 wherein the dispersing agent is anonionic surfactant selected from ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol,polyoxyethylene glycol, esters of fatty acids and glycerol, polyethyleneglycol esters of fatty acids, anhydrosorbitol esters, polyethoxylatedsorbitol esters, polysorbates, poloxamer, nonoxynol, fatty alcohol,tritan, tween, alkoxylated, hydrogenated castor oil.46. A composition of statement 43-45 wherein the excipient includes atleast a thickening agent and the concentration of the thickening agentis sufficient to maintain a suspension of metallic flakes or pigments inthe composition.47. A method for preparing the bicomponent composition the precedingstatements comprising dispersing dry pigment microparticles in a portionof a medium to form a slurry, adding additional medium to the slurry andapplying a high energy dispersing procedure to prepare a premix of thepigment particles in the medium.48. A method of statement 47 wherein the pigment particles are dispersedin one of the first and second components.49. A method of statement 47 wherein the pigment particles are dispersedin the first and second components.50. A method of statement 49 wherein the pigment particles with thefirst component differ from the pigment particles with the secondcomponent.51. A method of any of the preceding method statements wherein theorganic liquid is an ethoxylated alcohol.52. A method of any of the preceding method statements wherein theorganic liquid includes a dispersing agent of statement 109.53. A method of any of the preceding statements wherein the high energydispersing technique includes ultra-high speed, high energy mixing.54. A kit comprising a multicompartment container, each containercomprising one of the first and second components of the bicomponentcomposition of statement 1 or 2.55. A composition according to the preceding composition statementsincluding the wherein the first component is maintained in a firstcompartment, the second component is maintained in a second compartment.56. A method for coloring keratin material comprising applying first tothe keratin material the second component of statement 54 or 55 to formpretreated keratin material.57. A method of statement 56 further comprising optionally or at leastpartially drying the on the keratin material.57. A method of statement 57 further comprising applying the firstcomponent to the pretreated keratin material and causing the combinedmixture to form a colored coating on the keratin material.58. A method of statement 57 further comprising drying the coloredcoating on the keratin material.59. A colored coating for hair strands produced according to the methodof statement 58.60. A colored coating for hair strands according to statement 59 whereinthe composition forms a solid, flexible elastic film on eachindividualized hair fibre in which are embedded the pigment particles.61. A colored coating for hair strands according to statement 60 whereinthe film has the microscopic appearance of a semicontinuous orcontinuous coating62. A colored coating for hair strands according to statements 59-61which are resistant to color fading by repeated washings according to astandard wash procedure.63. A colored coating for hair strands according to statement 62 whereinthe repeated washings number 5 to 15.64. A colored coating for hair strands according to statement 63 whereinthe repeated washing number 15 or more.65. A color removal composition for applying to color coated hairstrands comprising applying one or more of surfactant, solvent, acid,base, polymer, polyelectrolyte, salt sources of fluorine, ionic liquidsto remove the color coating.

SUMMARY STATEMENTS

The inventions, examples and results described and claimed herein mayhave attributes and embodiments include, but not limited to, those setforth or described or referenced in this application.

All patents, publications, scientific articles, web sites and otherdocuments and ministerial references or mentioned herein are indicativeof the levels of skill of those skilled in the art to which theinvention pertains, and each such referenced document and material ishereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if it had beenincorporated verbatim and set forth in its entirety herein. The right isreserved to physically incorporate into this specification any and allmaterials and information from any such patent, publication, scientificarticle, web site, electronically available information, text book orother referenced material or document.

The written description of this patent application includes all claims.All claims including all original claims are hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety into the written description portion of thespecification and the right is reserved to physically incorporated intothe written description or any other portion of the application any andall such claims. Thus, for example, under no circumstances may thepatent be interpreted as allegedly not providing a written descriptionfor a claim on the assertion that the precise wording of the claim isnot set forth in haec verba in written description portion of thepatent.

While the invention has been described in conjunction with the detaileddescription thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrateand not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scopeof the appended claims. Thus, from the foregoing, it will be appreciatedthat, although specific nonlimiting embodiments of the invention havebeen described herein for the purpose of illustration, variousmodifications may be made without deviating from the scope of theinvention. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are within thescope of the following claims and the present invention is not limitedexcept as by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A bicomponent composition for coloring keratinmaterial comprising a first component of at least one organic copolymerwith functional groups, at least one pigment and a second componentcomprising a base compound having functional groups capable of formingdipolar or electrostatic interactions with the organic copolymer,wherein: the organic copolymer comprises repeating units of at least onehydrophobic olefinic carboxylate ester monomer and at least onehydrophilic olefinic monomer; the hydrophobic olefinic carboxylate estermonomer comprises an ester of (meth)acrylic acid or crotonic acid, or acombination thereof and a linear or branched alkanol of 1 to 30 carbonsor a combination thereof; the hydrophilic olefinic monomer comprises ahydroxy alkyl ester of an olefinic carboxylic acid and a linear orbranched alkyl diol of 2 to 24 carbons, or an aminoalkyl ester of anolefinic carboxylic acid and a linear or branched amino alkyl alcohol of2 to 24 carbons, or an olefinic acid, or a combination of any two ormore of the hydroxyl alkyl ester, the amino alkyl ester and the olefinicacid; and the olefinic acid comprises (meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid,maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid or gluconic acid or acombination of any two or more of the olefinic acids; and, the basecompound comprises an aminosilane, aminosiloxane, or mixture thereof. 2.A bicomponent composition of claim 1 wherein the first and secondcomponents are separate and one or both of the components furthercomprises a medium.
 3. A bicomponent composition of claim 1 wherein theweight average molecular weight of the base compound is in a range ofabout 150 Da to 2 kDa.
 4. A bicomponent composition of claim 1 whereinthe organic copolymer further comprises at least one olefin monomer,wherein: the olefin monomer has the formulaH₂C═CHR wherein R is selected from linear or branched alkyl of one tosix carbons, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by a linear orbranched alkyl of 1 to six carbons, carboxylic acid, methyl or ethylcarboxylate, carboxamide or hydroxyl.
 5. A bicomponent composition ofclaim 4 wherein the olefinic acid is (meth)acrylic acid or crotonicacid.
 6. A bicomponent composition of claim 5 wherein the olefinic acidis (meth)acrylic acid.
 7. A bicomponent composition according to claim 1wherein the olefinic acid is (meth)acrylic acid or crotonic acid.
 8. Abicomponent composition of claim 7 wherein the olefinic acid is(meth)acrylic acid.
 9. A bicomponent composition of claim 4 wherein theolefin monomer is styrene or carboxystrene methyl or ethyl ester.
 10. Abicomponent composition of claim 4 wherein the olefin monomer ishydroxystyene, carboxystyrene or carboxamidostyrene.
 11. A bicomponentcomposition according to claim 4 wherein the weight percent of the basecompound is 0.1-5 wt. % relative to the total composition.
 12. Abicomponent composition of claim 1 wherein the weight percent of thebase compound is 0.1-5 wt. % relative to the total composition.
 13. Abicomponent composition of claim 1 wherein the organic polymer has anacid value of from about zero to about 250; the organic polymer has aglass transition temperature of from about −120° C. to about −40° C.;the organic polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the rangeof about 2 KDa to about 10 MDa; and the composition has a pH of fromabout 3 to about
 12. 14. A bicomponent composition of claim 4 whereinthe organic polymer has an acid value of from about zero to about 250;the organic polymer has a glass transition temperature of from about−120° C. to about −40° C.; the organic polymer has a weight averagemolecular weight in the range of about 2 KDa to about 10 MDa; and thecomposition has a pH of from about 3 to about
 12. 15. A kit comprisingseparate compartments in which the first component and the secondcomponent of claim 1 are separately contained, wherein the firstcomponent, the second component, or both comprise pigmentmicroparticles.
 16. A method for coloring keratin material comprisingapplying first to the keratin material the second component of claim 15to form a pretreated keratin material, then applying the first componentof claim 15 to the pretreated keratin material and drying the coatedkeratin material with optional heat to form a colored coating on thekeratin material.
 17. A method of claim 16 wherein the first and secondcomponents are applied as foams to portions of the keratin material. 18.A kit comprising separate compartments in which the first component andthe second component of claim 4 are separately contained, wherein thefirst component, the second component, or both comprise pigmentmicroparticles.
 19. A method for coloring keratin material comprisingapplying first to the keratin material the second component of claim 18to form a pretreated keratin material, then applying the first componentof claim 18 to the pretreated keratin material and drying the coatedkeratin material with optional heat to form a colored coating on thekeratin material.
 20. A method of claim 19 wherein the first and secondcomponents are applied as foams to portions of the keratin material.